Chapter 8.3, Problem 8.5CYU

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The formal charge for each atom present in given ${\text{CN}}^{\text{-}}$ should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Formal charge (FC): The charge assigned to an atom in a molecule, irrespective of relative electro negativity by thinking that electrons in all chemical bonds are shared equally among atoms.

Formal charge of an atom can be determined by the given formula.

$\text{Formal}\text{charge}\left(\text{F}\text{C}\right)\text{=}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{number}\text{of}\text{valence}\\ \text{electron}\text{in}\text{atom}\end{array}\right)-\left[\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{number}\text{of}\text{non-bonding}\\ \text{electrons}\end{array}\right)+\frac{\text{1}}{\text{2}}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{number}\text{of bonding}\\ \text{electrons}\end{array}\right)\right]$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The formal charge for each atom present in given ${\text{SO}}_{\text{3}}{}^{\text{2-}}$ should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Formal charge (FC): The charge assigned to an atom in a molecule, irrespective of relative electro negativity by thinking that electrons in all chemical bonds are shared equally among atoms.

Formal charge of an atom can be determined by the given formula.

$\text{Formal}\text{charge}\left(\text{F}\text{C}\right)\text{=}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{number}\text{of}\text{valence}\\ \text{electron}\text{in}\text{atom}\end{array}\right)-\left[\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{number}\text{of}\text{non-bonding}\\ \text{electrons}\end{array}\right)+\frac{\text{1}}{\text{2}}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{number}\text{of bonding}\\ \text{electrons}\end{array}\right)\right]$