Organic Chemistry Study Guide and Solutions Manual, Books a la Carte Edition (8th Edition)
Organic Chemistry Study Guide and Solutions Manual, Books a la Carte Edition (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134649771
Author: Paula Yurkanis Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 8, Problem 99P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

  • The kinetic and thermodynamic products of the given reaction has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Reactions of conjugated dienes:

An electrophilic addition reaction to a conjugated diene forms both 1,2-addition and 1,4-addition products because the resonance contributors of the allylic cation give cation carbon and the chances for the nucleophile to attack at the electrophilic centre will occur.

Kinetic and thermodynamic products:

Kinetic product: The more rapidly formed product is called the kinetic product.  The reactions that produce the kinetic product as the major product are said to be kinetically controlled.  The kinetic product predominates when the reaction is irreversible.

Thermodynamic product: The more stable product is called the thermodynamic product.  The reactions that produce the thermodynamic product as the major product are said to be thermodynamically controlled.  The thermodynamic product predominates when the reaction is reversible.  The thermodynamic product is the product with the most highly substituted double bond.

Rule: The stabilities of carbocation are,

Benzyl cation = allyl cation = 3carbocation > 2 carbocation > 1 carbocation > methyl cation > vinyl cation

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

  • The kinetic and thermodynamic products of the given reaction has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Reactions of conjugated dienes:

An electrophilic addition reaction to a conjugated diene forms both 1,2-addition and 1,4-addition products because the resonance contributors of the allylic cation give cation carbon and the chances for the nucleophile to attack at the electrophilic centre will occur.

Kinetic and thermodynamic products:

Kinetic product: The more rapidly formed product is called the kinetic product.  The reactions that produce the kinetic product as the major product are said to be kinetically controlled.  The kinetic product predominates when the reaction is irreversible.

Thermodynamic product: The more stable product is called the thermodynamic product.  The reactions that produce the thermodynamic product as the major product are said to be thermodynamically controlled.  The thermodynamic product predominates when the reaction is reversible.

Rule: The stabilities of carbocation are,

Benzyl cation = allyl cation = 3carbocation > 2 carbocation > 1 carbocation > methyl cation > vinyl cation

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Chapter 8 Solutions

Organic Chemistry Study Guide and Solutions Manual, Books a la Carte Edition (8th Edition)

Ch. 8.7 - Prob. 12PCh. 8.7 - Prob. 13PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 14PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 15PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 16PCh. 8.9 - Which member of each pair is the stronger acid?Ch. 8.9 - Which member of each pair is the stronger base? a....Ch. 8.9 - Rank the following compounds from strongest acid...Ch. 8.10 - Prob. 20PCh. 8.10 - Which acid in each of the following pairs is...Ch. 8.10 - Prob. 23PCh. 8.11 - Prob. 24PCh. 8.11 - Prob. 26PCh. 8.12 - Prob. 27PCh. 8.12 - Prob. 28PCh. 8.12 - Prob. 29PCh. 8.12 - Prob. 30PCh. 8.12 - Prob. 31PCh. 8.12 - Prob. 32PCh. 8.13 - Prob. 33PCh. 8.13 - Prob. 34PCh. 8.13 - Prob. 35PCh. 8.13 - What are the major 1,2- and 1,4-addition products...Ch. 8.13 - Prob. 38PCh. 8.14 - Prob. 39PCh. 8.14 - Prob. 40PCh. 8.14 - Prob. 41PCh. 8.14 - Prob. 42PCh. 8.14 - Prob. 43PCh. 8.14 - Prob. 44PCh. 8.14 - Prob. 46PCh. 8.15 - Prob. 47PCh. 8.17 - Prob. 48PCh. 8.17 - Prob. 49PCh. 8.18 - Prob. 50PCh. 8.18 - Prob. 52PCh. 8.18 - Prob. 53PCh. 8.18 - Prob. 54PCh. 8.19 - Prob. 55PCh. 8.20 - Prob. 56PCh. 8.20 - What orbitals contain the electrons represented as...Ch. 8.20 - Prob. 59PCh. 8.20 - Prob. 60PCh. 8 - Prob. 61PCh. 8 - Prob. 62PCh. 8 - Prob. 63PCh. 8 - Prob. 64PCh. 8 - Prob. 65PCh. 8 - Prob. 66PCh. 8 - Prob. 67PCh. 8 - Prob. 68PCh. 8 - Prob. 69PCh. 8 - Prob. 70PCh. 8 - Prob. 71PCh. 8 - Prob. 72PCh. 8 - Prob. 73PCh. 8 - Which compound is the strongest base?Ch. 8 - Prob. 75PCh. 8 - Prob. 76PCh. 8 - a. The A ring (Section 3.16) of cortisone (a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 78PCh. 8 - Prob. 79PCh. 8 - Prob. 80PCh. 8 - Prob. 81PCh. 8 - Purine is a heterocyclic compound with four...Ch. 8 - Prob. 83PCh. 8 - Why is the delocalization energy of pyrrole (21...Ch. 8 - Prob. 85PCh. 8 - Prob. 86PCh. 8 - Prob. 87PCh. 8 - A student obtained two products from the reaction...Ch. 8 - Prob. 89PCh. 8 - a. How could each of the following compounds be...Ch. 8 - Draw the products obtained from the reaction of...Ch. 8 - How would the following substituents affect the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 93PCh. 8 - The acid dissociation constant (Ka) for loss of a...Ch. 8 - Protonated cyclohexylamine has a Ka = 1 1011...Ch. 8 - Draw the product or products that would be...Ch. 8 - Prob. 97PCh. 8 - Prob. 98PCh. 8 - Prob. 99PCh. 8 - Prob. 100PCh. 8 - Prob. 101PCh. 8 - a. Propose n mechanism for the following reaction:...Ch. 8 - Prob. 103PCh. 8 - As many as 18 different Diels-Alder products can...Ch. 8 - Prob. 105PCh. 8 - Prob. 106PCh. 8 - Prob. 107PCh. 8 - Prob. 108PCh. 8 - The experiment shown next and discussed in Section...Ch. 8 - Prob. 110PCh. 8 - Prob. 111PCh. 8 - Prob. 112PCh. 8 - Prob. 1PCh. 8 - Prob. 2PCh. 8 - Prob. 3PCh. 8 - Prob. 4PCh. 8 - Prob. 5PCh. 8 - Prob. 6PCh. 8 - Prob. 7PCh. 8 - Prob. 8PCh. 8 - Prob. 9PCh. 8 - Prob. 10PCh. 8 - Prob. 11PCh. 8 - Prob. 12P
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