The number of elementary steps in the mechanism represented by the given free energy diagram is to be determined. The number of locations in the energy diagram that represent intermediates is to be determined. The locations of the overall reactants (R), intermediates (I), transition states (TS), and overall products (P) on the diagram are to be marked. Concept introduction: For a mechanism that contains n total elementary steps, there must be n total transition states. Because an intermediate is located in between two transition states, there must be n – 1 locations in the energy diagram that represent intermediates. Transition states are present at energy maxima. Intermediates appear at energy minima.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 8.4YT

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of elementary steps in the mechanism represented by the given free energy diagram is to be determined. The number of locations in the energy diagram that represent intermediates is to be determined. The locations of the overall reactants (R), intermediates (I), transition states (TS), and overall products (P) on the diagram are to be marked.

Concept introduction:

For a mechanism that contains n total elementary steps, there must be n total transition states. Because an intermediate is located in between two transition states, there must be n – 1 locations in the energy diagram that represent intermediates. Transition states are present at energy maxima. Intermediates appear at energy minima.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

Using the bond energy values, calculate the energy that must be supplied or is released upon the polymerization of 755 monomers. If energy must be supplied, provide a positive number; if energy is released, provide a negative number. Hint: Avogadro’s number is 6.02 × 1023.

-AG|F=2E|V 3. Before proceeding with this problem you may want to glance at p. 466 of your textbook where various oxo-phosphorus derivatives and their oxidation states are summarized. Shown below are Latimer diagrams for phosphorus at pH values at 0 and 14: Acidic solution -0.93 +0.38 -0.51 -0.06 H3PO4 →H4P206 H3PO3 H3PO2 → P→ PH3 -0.28 -0.50 → -0.50 Basic solution 3-1.12 -1.57 -2.05 -0.89 PO HPO →→H2PO2 P PH3 -1.73 a) Under acidic conditions, H3PO4 can be reduced into H3PO3 directly (-0.28V), or via the formation and reduction of H4P2O6 (-0.93/+0.38V). Calculate the values of AG's for both processes; comment. (3 points) 0.5 PH, 0.0 -0.5- 2 3 9 3 -1.5 -2.0 Pa H,PO H,PO H,PO -3 -1 0 2 4 Oxidation state, N 2 b) Frost diagram for phosphorus under acidic conditions is shown. Identify possible disproportionation and comproportionation processes; write out chemical equations describing them. (2 points) c) Elemental phosphorus tends to disproportionate under basic conditions. Use data in…

These two reactions appear to start with the same starting materials but result in different products. How do the chemicals know which product to form? Are both products formed, or is there some information missing that will direct them a particular way?