Chapter 8, Problem 8.36P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The shape, bond angle, and bond polarities of ${\text{GeCl}}_{\text{4}}$ has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

VSEPR theory:

The key postulate of the theory is that the shape of a molecule is determined by minimizing the mutual repulsion of the electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom.

The steric number is a sum of the number of ligands and lone pairs surrounding the central atom.

  $\text{steric}\text{number}\text{=(m+n)}$

where m is the number of ligands and n is the number of lone pairs.

Polarity:

Polarity results from the uneven partial charge distribution between various atoms in a compound.  Atoms, such as nitrogen, oxygen, and halogens that are more electronegative have a tendency to have partial negative charges.  Atoms, such as carbon and hydrogen, have a tendency to be more neutral or have partial positive charges.

Polar nature of the molecules can be measured by the dipole moment.  If a molecule has zero dipole moment then it is a non polar molecule.  If a molecule has a net dipole moment then it is a polar molecule

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The shape, bond angle, and bond polarities of ${\text{SCl}}_{\text{2}}$ has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The shape, bond angle, and bond polarities of ${\text{PoF}}_{\text{6}}$ has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The shape, bond angle, and bond polarities of ${\text{BrF}}_{\text{3}}$ has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).