
1.
Efficiency Variance:
The efficiency variance refers to the difference between the actual quantity for the input for an output level and the budgeted quantity of input required for the given output level multiplied by the budgeted input price.
Spending Variance:
The spending variance refers to the difference in the actual price of input and budgeted price of input multiplied by the actual quantity of the input.
Production Volume Variance:
The production volume variance is the difference in the budgeted amount of the fixed overhead costs and the fixed overhead costs allocated for the actual output produced.
1.
The direct labor efficiency variance.
2.
The denominator level and the spending and efficiency variances for total overhead.
3.
To explain: The way in which the individual fixed manufacturing overhead items can be controlled from day to day and the way in which individual fixed overhead items are controlled.

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Chapter 8 Solutions
Cost Accounting (15th Edition)
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