Chapter 8, Problem 8.14P

At steady state, Refrigerant 22 enters (1) the compressor at 40C, 5.5bar and is compressed to 60C, 13.8bar. R-22 exiting (2) the compressor enters a heat exchanger where energy transfer to air as a separate stream occurs and the refrigerant exits (3) as a liquid at 13.5bar, 32C. Air enters (4) the condenser at 27C, 1.0bar with a volumetric flow rate of 21.2m3/min and exits (5) at 43C. Assuming ideal gas behavior for the air and stray heat transfer and kinetic and potential energy effects are negligible, determine the compressor power

Steam at 44 bar and a dryness fraction, x = 0.9 is throttled to a pressure of 12 bar. Calculate thedifference in power output in kilowatts between the following two expansion processes:a) Steam at the initial pressure of 44 bar and x = 0.9 at State 1 is expanded in a turbine to State 3 at 0.12 bar.b) Steam at the reduced pressure of 12 bar after throttling at State 2 is expanded in another turbine to State 4 at the same exhaust pressure of 0.12 bar.The mass flow rate of steam is 8 kg/sec in both cases and the expansion in both turbines can be assumed to be reversible and adiabatic. Sketch both expansion processes on the same T-s diagram using the respective initial and final state points as described above.Explain the reason for the difference in power output.Calculate the mass flow rate of steam for the turbine operating at the throttled/reduced pressure to generate the same output as the turbine operating at the pressure before throttling.NOTE: You are required to number the state…

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a. Sketch the process on a P-V diagram b. Determine the rate of heat transfer from Boiler ( Qcv/m 1-2, in KJ/kg) c. Determine the rate of heat transfer from condenser ( Qcv/m 3-4, in KJ/Kg) d. Using the Clausius inequality to determine if the cycle is internally reversible, irreversible, or impossible. e. Determine the thermal efficiency of power cycle f. Determine the maximum thermal efficiency of power cycle ( Carnot Efficiency) g. Due to part (e & g) this cycle is___________ ? - internally reversible -internally irreversible -impossible

The Figure shows a simple vapor power plant operating at steady state with water circulating through the components. Relevant data at key locations are given on the figure. The mass flow rate of the water is 90 kg/s. Kinetic and potential energy effects are negligible as are all stray heat transfers. Determine a. The heat added in boiler to the water b. If the combustion efficiency is 85%, find the mass of diesel fuel combustion rate in kg/day if CVDiesel =52 MJ/kg. c. The output turbine power in kW.

Q1. Heat engines convert internal energy to mechanical energy. Describe the operation of this reversible engine on a PV diagram and show how to determine the efficiency of the cycle.

6.110 Figure P6.110 shows a simple vapor power plant operating at steady state with water as the working fluid. Data at key locations are given on the figure. The mass flow rate of the water circulating through the components is 109 kg/s. Stray heat transfer and kinetic and potential energy effects can be ignored. Determine a. the net power developed, in MW. b. the thermal efficiency. c. the isentropic turbine efficiency. t2 d. the isentropic pump efficiency. e. the mass flow rate of the cooling water, in kg/s. f. the rates of entropy production, each in kW/K, for the turbine, condenser, and pump. P = 100 bar T = 520°C %3D Power out Turbine P2 = 0.08 bar 2 = 90% %3D Steam Cooling water in at 20°C generator Condenser Pa= 100 bar T= 43°C Cooling water out at 35°C 4. Pump 3 P3 0.08 bar Saturated liquid Power in FIGURE P6.110 2. www

A steam-powered power plant works on the basic Rankine cycle.shown in the figure. Likewise, some of its thermodynamic states are summarized in the attached table.Knowing that the work per unit mass delivered to the pump is 3W4 = 2480 (J/kg], determinein SI units the following: a) The specific volume of water in state 4.b) The associated work per unit mass, developed in the Curbina.c) The associated heat per unit mass released by the water in the condenser.d) The efficiency of the cycle

Thermodynamics