The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells. Concept Introduction: Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution. Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst. Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink. Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

Question

You are studying the effect of directional selection on body height in three populations (graphs a, b, and c below). (a) What is the selection differential? Show your calculation. (2 pts) (b) Which population has the highest narrow sense heritability for height? Explain your answer. (2 pts) (c) If you examined the offspring in the next generation in each population, which population would have the highest mean height? Why? (2 pts) (a) Midoffspring height (average height of offspring) Short Short Short Short (c) Short (b) Short Tall Short Tall Short Short Tall Midparent height (average height of Mean of population = 65 inches Mean of breading parents = 70 inches Mean of population = 65 inches Mean of breading parents = 70 inches Mean of population = 65 inches Mean of breading parents = 70 inches

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 8.102EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

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You are studying the effect of directional selection on body height in three populations (graphs a, b, and c below). (a) What is the selection differential? Show your calculation. (2 pts) (b) Which population has the highest narrow sense heritability for height? Explain your answer. (2 pts) (c) If you examined the offspring in the next generation in each population, which population would have the highest mean height? Why? (2 pts) (a) Midoffspring height (average height of offspring) Short Short Short Short (c) Short (b) Short Tall Short Tall Short Short Tall Midparent height (average height of Mean of population = 65 inches Mean of breading parents = 70 inches Mean of population = 65 inches Mean of breading parents = 70 inches Mean of population = 65 inches Mean of breading parents = 70 inches

P You are studying a population of 100 flowers that has two alleles at a locus for flower color, blue (B) and green (G). There are 15 individuals with the BB genotype, 70 individuals with the BG genotype, and 15 individuals with the GG genotype. (a) What are the allele frequencies of B and G in the starting population? Show your calculations. (2 pts) (b) Is this population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? Show your calculations. (3 pts) 12pt v Paragraph BIU UA AV & VT2V f CO V

In a natural population of outbreeding plants, the variance of the total number of seeds per plant is 16. From the natural population, 20 plants are taken into the laboratory and developed into separate true-breeding lines by self- fertilization-with selection for high, low, or medium number of seeds-for 10 generations. The average variance in the tenth generation in each of the 20 sets is about equal and averages 5.8 across all the sets. Estimate the broad-sense heritability for seed number in this population. (4 pts) 12pt v Paragraph BIUA V V T² v B ① O words

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 8.102EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 8.102EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 8.102EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

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Answer 5

Chapter 8, Problem 8.102EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

Answer 6

Chapter 8, Problem 8.102EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

Answer 7

Chapter 8, Problem 8.102EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic relative to red blood cells.

Concept Introduction:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Hypotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure less than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to burst.

Hypertonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure higher than that in cells. A hypotonic solution causes cells to shrink.

Isotonic solution is the solution which has an osmotic pressure equal to that in cells. An isotonic solution has no effect on cell size.

Answer 14

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Answer 25

Ch. 8.1 - In a solution containing 15 mL of water and 25 mL...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 8.1 - Which of the following statements about solutions...Ch. 8.2 - Which of the following statements concerning a...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 3QQ Ch. 8.3 - When an ionic solute dissolves in water, the water...Ch. 8.3 - Which of the following does not affect the rate at...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 3QQ Ch. 8.4 - The word like in the solubility rule like...

Solution Summary: The author explains that the given solution has to be classified into hypotonic, isotonic, or hypertoonic relative to red blood cells. Osmotic pressure is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution.

Chapter 8 Solutions