Chapter 8, Problem 4A

Summary Introduction

To replace:

The italicized word with a correct vocabulary term in the given sentence

Introduction: In living organisms, chemical energy is stored in organic compounds and this energy is converted to other forms of energy. All living organisms need energy to carry out various biological functions. Almost all the energy in living organisms comes from the Sun. Energy flows from autotrophs to heterotrophs.

Answer to Problem 4A

Organisms get energy from the food they ingest during a process called cellular respiration.

Explanation of Solution

All the chemical reactions in a cell are together called metabolism. There are two metabolic pathways; anabolic pathway and the catabolic pathway. Cellular respiration is the catabolic pathway in which organic molecules are broken down to release energy for use by the cell. During this process food that is ingested by the organism is broken down by using oxygen resulting in the release of carbon dioxide and water. This produces energy in the form of ATP.

Cellular respiration occurs in two parts; glycolysis and aerobic respiration. Glycolysis is an anaerobic process. Aerobic respiration includes Krebs cycle and electron transport.