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Introduction:
A signal transduction pathway includes a group of proteins and polysaccharides that carry the signals by binding the signaling molecule with the receptor. The signals when carried, lead to conformational changes in the proteins, and further trigger a cascade of reactions leading to a cellular response.
Answer to Problem 1TY
The correct answer is option (d) a signal
Explanation of Solution
Explanation/justification for the correct answer:
Option (d) a signal. A signal is a molecule that acts in response to the changes perceived in the outer surrounding and triggers a response by activating the compatible receptor for respective cellular change. So, the correct answer is option (d).
Explanation for incorrect answer:
Option (a) a cell surface receptor. The cell surface receptor is a protein molecule that is present in the cell and binds to the appropriate signal molecule on the cell surface and initiates signal transduction pathway. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (b) an intracellular receptor. An intracellular receptor is a protein receptor that is present inside the cell and binds to a specific type of signal molecules and brings about cellular changes. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (c) a structural protein. A structural protein is a protein that functions to maintain the structural integrity, shape, and support of the cell and it does not induce changes in cell-based on the surrounding. So, this is an incorrect answer.
Option (e) a cellular response. The cellular response is the result of the binding of the signal molecule with its respective receptor and initiating a series of protein activation that induces cellular changes. So, this is an incorrect answer.
A signal is a cue for the changes taking place in the environment that affect the cellular configuration and so the signal molecule binds to the receptor and initiates required cellular changes. Hence, the correct answer is option (d) a signal
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