The water necessary for photosynthesis a. is split into H 2 and O 2 . b. is directly involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates. c. provides the electrons to replace those lost in photosystem II. d. provides the H + needed to synthesize G 3 P. e. does none of the above.

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Answer 1

Textbook Question

Chapter 8, Problem 1TY

The water necessary for photosynthesis

a. is split into H₂ and O₂.
b. is directly involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates.
c. provides the electrons to replace those lost in photosystem II.
d. provides the H ⁺ needed to synthesize G₃P.
e. does none of the above.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

Introduction: The water molecule is essential in photosynthesis. It splits into hydrogen ions and oxygen, and provide electrons to replace the lost electrons from the photosystem II during the light reaction. This reaction is called photolysis of water. The protons can be used to produce ATP through ATP synthase.

Answer to Problem 1TY

Correct answer: The water present in the photosynthesis provides the electrons to replace the loss of electrons in the photosystem II. Hence, the correct answer is option c.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for correct answer:

Option c. is given as “provides the electrons to replace those lost in photosystem II”.

The photolysis of water provides electrons to replace the lost electrons in the photosystem II. It dissociates into hydrogen ions and oxygen. During this reaction, the electrons produced from the hydrogen ions are used to replace the electrons lost in the photosystem II. Hence, the correct answer is option c.

Reasons for the incorrect answer:

Option a. is given as “is split into H₂ and O₂”.

The water is split into oxygen and hydrogen ions and not hydrogen gas. This is because the electrons gained from the formation of hydrogen ions are provided to replace lost electrons in the photosystem II. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option b. is given as “is directly involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates”.

The water molecule is not directly involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates. It only provides electrons for the photosystem II. The molecule of carbon dioxide serves as the direct fuel for the production of carbohydrates. Hence, option b. is incorrect.

Option d. is given as “provides the H⁺ needed to synthesize G₃P”.

Water provides electrons to the photosystem II. G₃P is synthesized by the reduction and dephosphorylation of 1,3 biphosphoglycerate which is further coupled with the oxidation of NADH. Hence, option d. is incorrect.

Option e. is given as “does none of the above”.

Water does provide an electron to the reaction centre and it is used for the production of energy using light. It also splits into hydrogen ions and single oxygen atoms which then forms oxygen gas. The oxygen produced is liberated as the by-product of photosynthesis. Hence, option e. is incorrect.

Hence, the options a., b., d., and e. are incorrect.

Conclusion

Water dissociates into the single oxygen atom and hydrogen ions liberates electron. The released electron is captured by the photosystem II. The electron then passes to the primary electron acceptor and finally to the photosystem I. Photosystem I uses it to produce energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.

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Question #3: In the KeyGene paper, the authors state that it would be useful if pollen from an apomict would transmit apomixis-inducing genes to the female in the cross (assuming the pollen is viable). Assuming there was just one gene conferring gametophytic obligate apomixis, and that the two parents are inbreds, what would be the consequences of such a cross if: a) The apomixis was a dominant trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the parental cross. b) The apomixis was a recessive trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the…

Question #5: Assume that two genes are identified that confer gametophytic facultative apomixis in soybean. The genes show independent assortment. Recessive alleles at both loci are required for the facultative apomixis. Facultative apomixis is triggered when the temperature at pollination is above 20 degrees C. At temperatures below 20 degrees C, all reproduction is sexual, independent of genotype. A facultative apomict male, capable of producing viable pollen, was crossed with a sexually reproducing female. Assuming the parents are completely inbred, what are the predicted phenotypic ratios (apomict: non-apomict) for the F1, F2, and DH (F1-derived) generations at each of the following temperatures*: a) 15°C? b) 25°C? *for full credit, show crosses and genotypes where appropriate. Remember to position the female first (left side) in the cross. Type your answer here:

Answer 2

Textbook Question

Chapter 8, Problem 1TY

The water necessary for photosynthesis

a. is split into H₂ and O₂.
b. is directly involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates.
c. provides the electrons to replace those lost in photosystem II.
d. provides the H ⁺ needed to synthesize G₃P.
e. does none of the above.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

Introduction: The water molecule is essential in photosynthesis. It splits into hydrogen ions and oxygen, and provide electrons to replace the lost electrons from the photosystem II during the light reaction. This reaction is called photolysis of water. The protons can be used to produce ATP through ATP synthase.

Answer to Problem 1TY

Correct answer: The water present in the photosynthesis provides the electrons to replace the loss of electrons in the photosystem II. Hence, the correct answer is option c.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for correct answer:

Option c. is given as “provides the electrons to replace those lost in photosystem II”.

The photolysis of water provides electrons to replace the lost electrons in the photosystem II. It dissociates into hydrogen ions and oxygen. During this reaction, the electrons produced from the hydrogen ions are used to replace the electrons lost in the photosystem II. Hence, the correct answer is option c.

Reasons for the incorrect answer:

Option a. is given as “is split into H₂ and O₂”.

The water is split into oxygen and hydrogen ions and not hydrogen gas. This is because the electrons gained from the formation of hydrogen ions are provided to replace lost electrons in the photosystem II. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option b. is given as “is directly involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates”.

The water molecule is not directly involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates. It only provides electrons for the photosystem II. The molecule of carbon dioxide serves as the direct fuel for the production of carbohydrates. Hence, option b. is incorrect.

Option d. is given as “provides the H⁺ needed to synthesize G₃P”.

Water provides electrons to the photosystem II. G₃P is synthesized by the reduction and dephosphorylation of 1,3 biphosphoglycerate which is further coupled with the oxidation of NADH. Hence, option d. is incorrect.

Option e. is given as “does none of the above”.

Water does provide an electron to the reaction centre and it is used for the production of energy using light. It also splits into hydrogen ions and single oxygen atoms which then forms oxygen gas. The oxygen produced is liberated as the by-product of photosynthesis. Hence, option e. is incorrect.

Hence, the options a., b., d., and e. are incorrect.

Conclusion

Water dissociates into the single oxygen atom and hydrogen ions liberates electron. The released electron is captured by the photosystem II. The electron then passes to the primary electron acceptor and finally to the photosystem I. Photosystem I uses it to produce energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.

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Answer 3

Textbook Question

Chapter 8, Problem 1TY

The water necessary for photosynthesis

a. is split into H₂ and O₂.
b. is directly involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates.
c. provides the electrons to replace those lost in photosystem II.
d. provides the H ⁺ needed to synthesize G₃P.
e. does none of the above.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

Introduction: The water molecule is essential in photosynthesis. It splits into hydrogen ions and oxygen, and provide electrons to replace the lost electrons from the photosystem II during the light reaction. This reaction is called photolysis of water. The protons can be used to produce ATP through ATP synthase.

Answer to Problem 1TY

Correct answer: The water present in the photosynthesis provides the electrons to replace the loss of electrons in the photosystem II. Hence, the correct answer is option c.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for correct answer:

Option c. is given as “provides the electrons to replace those lost in photosystem II”.

The photolysis of water provides electrons to replace the lost electrons in the photosystem II. It dissociates into hydrogen ions and oxygen. During this reaction, the electrons produced from the hydrogen ions are used to replace the electrons lost in the photosystem II. Hence, the correct answer is option c.

Reasons for the incorrect answer:

Option a. is given as “is split into H₂ and O₂”.

The water is split into oxygen and hydrogen ions and not hydrogen gas. This is because the electrons gained from the formation of hydrogen ions are provided to replace lost electrons in the photosystem II. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option b. is given as “is directly involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates”.

The water molecule is not directly involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates. It only provides electrons for the photosystem II. The molecule of carbon dioxide serves as the direct fuel for the production of carbohydrates. Hence, option b. is incorrect.

Option d. is given as “provides the H⁺ needed to synthesize G₃P”.

Water provides electrons to the photosystem II. G₃P is synthesized by the reduction and dephosphorylation of 1,3 biphosphoglycerate which is further coupled with the oxidation of NADH. Hence, option d. is incorrect.

Option e. is given as “does none of the above”.

Water does provide an electron to the reaction centre and it is used for the production of energy using light. It also splits into hydrogen ions and single oxygen atoms which then forms oxygen gas. The oxygen produced is liberated as the by-product of photosynthesis. Hence, option e. is incorrect.

Hence, the options a., b., d., and e. are incorrect.

Conclusion

Water dissociates into the single oxygen atom and hydrogen ions liberates electron. The released electron is captured by the photosystem II. The electron then passes to the primary electron acceptor and finally to the photosystem I. Photosystem I uses it to produce energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.

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Answer 4

Textbook Question

Chapter 8, Problem 1TY

The water necessary for photosynthesis

a. is split into H₂ and O₂.
b. is directly involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates.
c. provides the electrons to replace those lost in photosystem II.
d. provides the H ⁺ needed to synthesize G₃P.
e. does none of the above.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

Introduction: The water molecule is essential in photosynthesis. It splits into hydrogen ions and oxygen, and provide electrons to replace the lost electrons from the photosystem II during the light reaction. This reaction is called photolysis of water. The protons can be used to produce ATP through ATP synthase.

Answer to Problem 1TY

Correct answer: The water present in the photosynthesis provides the electrons to replace the loss of electrons in the photosystem II. Hence, the correct answer is option c.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for correct answer:

Option c. is given as “provides the electrons to replace those lost in photosystem II”.

The photolysis of water provides electrons to replace the lost electrons in the photosystem II. It dissociates into hydrogen ions and oxygen. During this reaction, the electrons produced from the hydrogen ions are used to replace the electrons lost in the photosystem II. Hence, the correct answer is option c.

Reasons for the incorrect answer:

Option a. is given as “is split into H₂ and O₂”.

The water is split into oxygen and hydrogen ions and not hydrogen gas. This is because the electrons gained from the formation of hydrogen ions are provided to replace lost electrons in the photosystem II. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option b. is given as “is directly involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates”.

The water molecule is not directly involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates. It only provides electrons for the photosystem II. The molecule of carbon dioxide serves as the direct fuel for the production of carbohydrates. Hence, option b. is incorrect.

Option d. is given as “provides the H⁺ needed to synthesize G₃P”.

Water provides electrons to the photosystem II. G₃P is synthesized by the reduction and dephosphorylation of 1,3 biphosphoglycerate which is further coupled with the oxidation of NADH. Hence, option d. is incorrect.

Option e. is given as “does none of the above”.

Water does provide an electron to the reaction centre and it is used for the production of energy using light. It also splits into hydrogen ions and single oxygen atoms which then forms oxygen gas. The oxygen produced is liberated as the by-product of photosynthesis. Hence, option e. is incorrect.

Hence, the options a., b., d., and e. are incorrect.

Conclusion

Water dissociates into the single oxygen atom and hydrogen ions liberates electron. The released electron is captured by the photosystem II. The electron then passes to the primary electron acceptor and finally to the photosystem I. Photosystem I uses it to produce energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.

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Answer 5

Textbook Question

Answer 6

Textbook Question

Answer 7

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

Introduction: The water molecule is essential in photosynthesis. It splits into hydrogen ions and oxygen, and provide electrons to replace the lost electrons from the photosystem II during the light reaction. This reaction is called photolysis of water. The protons can be used to produce ATP through ATP synthase.

Answer to Problem 1TY

Correct answer: The water present in the photosynthesis provides the electrons to replace the loss of electrons in the photosystem II. Hence, the correct answer is option c.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for correct answer:

Option c. is given as “provides the electrons to replace those lost in photosystem II”.

The photolysis of water provides electrons to replace the lost electrons in the photosystem II. It dissociates into hydrogen ions and oxygen. During this reaction, the electrons produced from the hydrogen ions are used to replace the electrons lost in the photosystem II. Hence, the correct answer is option c.

Reasons for the incorrect answer:

Option a. is given as “is split into H₂ and O₂”.

The water is split into oxygen and hydrogen ions and not hydrogen gas. This is because the electrons gained from the formation of hydrogen ions are provided to replace lost electrons in the photosystem II. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option b. is given as “is directly involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates”.

The water molecule is not directly involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates. It only provides electrons for the photosystem II. The molecule of carbon dioxide serves as the direct fuel for the production of carbohydrates. Hence, option b. is incorrect.

Option d. is given as “provides the H⁺ needed to synthesize G₃P”.

Water provides electrons to the photosystem II. G₃P is synthesized by the reduction and dephosphorylation of 1,3 biphosphoglycerate which is further coupled with the oxidation of NADH. Hence, option d. is incorrect.

Option e. is given as “does none of the above”.

Water does provide an electron to the reaction centre and it is used for the production of energy using light. It also splits into hydrogen ions and single oxygen atoms which then forms oxygen gas. The oxygen produced is liberated as the by-product of photosynthesis. Hence, option e. is incorrect.

Hence, the options a., b., d., and e. are incorrect.

Conclusion

Water dissociates into the single oxygen atom and hydrogen ions liberates electron. The released electron is captured by the photosystem II. The electron then passes to the primary electron acceptor and finally to the photosystem I. Photosystem I uses it to produce energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

Introduction: The water molecule is essential in photosynthesis. It splits into hydrogen ions and oxygen, and provide electrons to replace the lost electrons from the photosystem II during the light reaction. This reaction is called photolysis of water. The protons can be used to produce ATP through ATP synthase.

Answer to Problem 1TY

Correct answer: The water present in the photosynthesis provides the electrons to replace the loss of electrons in the photosystem II. Hence, the correct answer is option c.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for correct answer:

Option c. is given as “provides the electrons to replace those lost in photosystem II”.

The photolysis of water provides electrons to replace the lost electrons in the photosystem II. It dissociates into hydrogen ions and oxygen. During this reaction, the electrons produced from the hydrogen ions are used to replace the electrons lost in the photosystem II. Hence, the correct answer is option c.

Reasons for the incorrect answer:

Option a. is given as “is split into H₂ and O₂”.

The water is split into oxygen and hydrogen ions and not hydrogen gas. This is because the electrons gained from the formation of hydrogen ions are provided to replace lost electrons in the photosystem II. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option b. is given as “is directly involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates”.

The water molecule is not directly involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates. It only provides electrons for the photosystem II. The molecule of carbon dioxide serves as the direct fuel for the production of carbohydrates. Hence, option b. is incorrect.

Option d. is given as “provides the H⁺ needed to synthesize G₃P”.

Water provides electrons to the photosystem II. G₃P is synthesized by the reduction and dephosphorylation of 1,3 biphosphoglycerate which is further coupled with the oxidation of NADH. Hence, option d. is incorrect.

Option e. is given as “does none of the above”.

Water does provide an electron to the reaction centre and it is used for the production of energy using light. It also splits into hydrogen ions and single oxygen atoms which then forms oxygen gas. The oxygen produced is liberated as the by-product of photosynthesis. Hence, option e. is incorrect.

Hence, the options a., b., d., and e. are incorrect.

Conclusion

Water dissociates into the single oxygen atom and hydrogen ions liberates electron. The released electron is captured by the photosystem II. The electron then passes to the primary electron acceptor and finally to the photosystem I. Photosystem I uses it to produce energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Summary Introduction

Introduction: The water molecule is essential in photosynthesis. It splits into hydrogen ions and oxygen, and provide electrons to replace the lost electrons from the photosystem II during the light reaction. This reaction is called photolysis of water. The protons can be used to produce ATP through ATP synthase.

Answer 12

Answer to Problem 1TY

Correct answer: The water present in the photosynthesis provides the electrons to replace the loss of electrons in the photosystem II. Hence, the correct answer is option c.

Answer 13

Explanation of Solution

Reason for correct answer:

Option c. is given as “provides the electrons to replace those lost in photosystem II”.

The photolysis of water provides electrons to replace the lost electrons in the photosystem II. It dissociates into hydrogen ions and oxygen. During this reaction, the electrons produced from the hydrogen ions are used to replace the electrons lost in the photosystem II. Hence, the correct answer is option c.

Reasons for the incorrect answer:

Option a. is given as “is split into H₂ and O₂”.

The water is split into oxygen and hydrogen ions and not hydrogen gas. This is because the electrons gained from the formation of hydrogen ions are provided to replace lost electrons in the photosystem II. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option b. is given as “is directly involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates”.

The water molecule is not directly involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates. It only provides electrons for the photosystem II. The molecule of carbon dioxide serves as the direct fuel for the production of carbohydrates. Hence, option b. is incorrect.

Option d. is given as “provides the H⁺ needed to synthesize G₃P”.

Water provides electrons to the photosystem II. G₃P is synthesized by the reduction and dephosphorylation of 1,3 biphosphoglycerate which is further coupled with the oxidation of NADH. Hence, option d. is incorrect.

Option e. is given as “does none of the above”.

Water does provide an electron to the reaction centre and it is used for the production of energy using light. It also splits into hydrogen ions and single oxygen atoms which then forms oxygen gas. The oxygen produced is liberated as the by-product of photosynthesis. Hence, option e. is incorrect.

Hence, the options a., b., d., and e. are incorrect.

Answer 14

Conclusion

Water dissociates into the single oxygen atom and hydrogen ions liberates electron. The released electron is captured by the photosystem II. The electron then passes to the primary electron acceptor and finally to the photosystem I. Photosystem I uses it to produce energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.