Chapter 8, Problem 1PA

(A)

To determine

Location A climate stations from the data provided based on the classification scheme presented in Appendix C.

Answer to Problem 1PA

The climate classification in Location A is EF.

Explanation of Solution

According to the given table, the warmest month in Location A is July and it has temperature of about ${\text{-11}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}\text{.}$ Since the temperature of warmest month is less than ${\text{10}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}{\text{(50}}^{\text{o}}\text{F),}$ it is considered as a polar climate (E).

The temperature in Location A lies below ${\text{0}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}{\text{(32}}^{\text{o}}\text{F)}\text{.}$ Therefore, the climate classification in Location A can be identified as EF.

(B)

To determine

Location B climate stations from the data provided based on the classification scheme presented in Appendix C.

Answer to Problem 1PA

The climate classification in Location B is ET.

Explanation of Solution

According to the given table, the warmest month in Location B is July and it has a temperature of about $4^{\text{o}}\text{C}\text{.}$ Since the temperature of the warmest month is less than ${\text{10}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}{\text{(50}}^{\text{o}}\text{F),}$ it is considered as a polar climate (E).

The temperature in Location B lies in between ${\text{10}}^{\circ }{\text{C (50}}^{\circ }{\text{F) and 0}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}{\text{(32}}^{\text{o}}\text{F)}\text{.}$ Therefore, the climate classification in Location A can be identified as ET.

(C)

To determine

Location C climate stations from the data provided based on the classification scheme presented in Appendix C.

Answer to Problem 1PA

The climate classification in Location C is Dwa.

Explanation of Solution

According to the given table, Location C has several months averaging above 10°C. Therefore, it does not have E climate.

Precipitation in the driest winter month (April) is less than one-tenth the precipitation of the wettest summer month (July), climate classification in Location C can be considered as a dry winter and can be represented using letter w. It can be calculated as follows:

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Precipitation}\text{in}\text{April=1}\text{.8}\text{cm}\\ \text{Precipitation}\text{in}\text{July=}\text{24}\text{.4}\text{cm}\\ \frac{\text{1}}{\text{10}}\left(\text{24}\text{.4}\right)\text{=2}\text{.44}\text{cm}\ge \text{1}\text{.8}\text{cm}\end{array}$

Since Location C has a dry winter, the graph that denotes w is used to compare the mean annual temperature with mean annual precipitation.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Mean}\text{annual}{\text{temperature=12}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}\\ \text{Mean}\text{annual}\text{precipitation=62}\text{.2}\text{cm}\end{array}$

From the graph, it can be identified that the given climate is humid climate and it may be A, C, or D.

Since the coldest month $\left({\text{-2}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}\right)$ is below ${18}^{\text{o}}\text{C}$, Location C does not have A climate. Although,the warmest month $\left({\text{26}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}\right)$ is above ${\text{10}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}$, the coldest month $\left({\text{-2}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}\right)$ is not between ${\text{0}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}$ and ${\text{18}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}\text{.}$ Accordingly, Location C does not have C climate. Because, the warmest month $\left({\text{26}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}\right)$ is above ${\text{10}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}$ and the coldest month is below ${\text{0}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}$, Location C does have D climate.

The first letter of climate in Location C is D, second letter is w, and third must be a, b, c, or d. Since the average temperature of the warmest month $\left({\text{26}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}\right)$ is above 22°C, Location C has Dwa climate.

(D)

To determine

Location D climate stations from the data provided based on the classification scheme presented in Appendix C.

Answer to Problem 1PA

The climate classification in Location D is Dfa.

Explanation of Solution

According to the given table, Location D has several months averaging above 10°C. Therefore, it does not have E climate.

Location D does not have a dry summer or a dry winter. Instead, it has a relatively even distribution of precipitation (f).

Hence, graph 1(f) is used to compare the mean annual temperature with mean annual precipitation.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Mean}\text{annual}{\text{temperature=11}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}\\ \text{Mean}\text{annual}\text{precipitation=84}\text{.8cm}\end{array}$

From the graph, it can be identified that the given climate is humid climate and it may be A, C, or D.

Since the coldest month $\left({\text{-2}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}\right)$ is below ${18}^{\text{o}}\text{C}$, Location D does not have A climate. Although, the warmest month $\left({\text{24}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}\right)$ is above ${\text{10}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}$, the coldest month $\left({\text{-2}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}\right)$ is not between ${\text{0}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}$ and ${\text{18}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}\text{.}$ Accordingly, Location D does not have C climate. Because the warmest month $\left({\text{24}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}\right)$ is above ${\text{10}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}$ and the coldest month is below ${\text{0}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}$, Location C does have D climate.

The first letter of climate in Location D is D, second letter is f and third must be a, b, c, or d. Since the average temperature of the warmest month $\left({\text{24}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}\right)$ is above 22°C, Location D has Dfa climate.

(E)

To determine

Location E climate stations from the data provided based on the classification scheme presented in Appendix C.

Answer to Problem 1PA

The climate classification in Location E is Cfa.

Explanation of Solution

According to the given table, Location E has several months averaging above 10°C. Therefore, it does not have E climate.

Location E does not has a dry summer nor a dry winter. Instead, it has a relatively even distribution of precipitation (f).

Hence, graph 1(f) is used to compare the mean annual temperature with mean annual precipitation.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Mean}\text{annual}{\text{temperature=12}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}\\ \text{Mean}\text{annual}\text{precipitation=111}\text{.5cm}\end{array}$

From the graph, it can be identified that the given climate is humid climate and it may be A, C, or D.

Since the coldest month $\left(0^{\text{o}}\text{C}\right)$ is between ${18}^{\text{o}}\text{C}$ and $0^{\text{o}}\text{C}$ and more than one month has a temperature over ${\text{10}}^{\text{o}}\text{C,}$ Location E has C climate.

The first letter of climate in Location E is C, second letter is f, and third must be a, b, c, or d. Since the average temperature of the warmest month $\left({\text{24}}^{\text{o}}\text{C}\right)$ is above 22°C, Location E has Cfa climate.