GENERAL ORGANIC+BIO...(LL)-W/MOD.ACCESS
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134466699
Author: FROST
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 8, Problem 1IC
Summary Introduction
To determine:
How gout and kidney stones are caused by undissolved solutes?
Introduction:
Gout is a disease in which defective
Kidney stones are hard undissolved minerals, acids, and salts that bound together in concentrated urine. They are painful when passing through the urinary tract.
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A small artisanal cheesemaker is testing the acidity of their milk
before it coagulates. During fermentation, bacteria produce lactic
acid (K₁ = 1.4 x 104), a weak acid that helps to curdle the milk and
develop flavor. The cheesemaker has measured that the developing
mixture contains lactic acid at an initial concentration of 0.025 M.
Your task is to calculate the pH of this mixture and determine whether
it meets the required acidity for proper cheese development. To
achieve the best flavor, texture and reduce/control microbial growth,
the pH range needs to be between pH 4.6 and 5.0.
Assumptions:
Lactic acid is a monoprotic acid
H
H
:0:0:
H-C-C
H
:0:
O-H
Figure 1: Lewis Structure for Lactic Acid
For simplicity, you can use the generic formula HA to represent the acid
You can assume lactic acid dissociation is in water as milk is mostly water.
Temperature is 25°C
1. Write the K, expression for the dissociation of lactic acid in the space provided. Do not forget to
include state symbols.…
Curved arrows are used to illustrate the flow of electrons. Using the provided starting and product
structures, draw the curved electron-pushing arrows for the following reaction or mechanistic step(s).
Be sure to account for all bond-breaking and bond-making steps.
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H
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:0:
S:
3:48 PM Fri Apr 4
K
Problem 4 of 10
Submit
Curved arrows are used to illustrate the flow of electrons. Using the provided starting and product
structures, draw the curved electron-pushing arrows for the following reaction or mechanistic step(s).
Be sure to account for all bond-breaking and bond-making steps.
Mg.
:0:
Select to Add Arrows
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Mg
:0:
:0:
Select to Add Arrows
Mg.
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0:0-
Br
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H
0:0
Select to Add Arrows
Select to Add Arrows
neutralizing workup
H
CH3
Chapter 8 Solutions
GENERAL ORGANIC+BIO...(LL)-W/MOD.ACCESS
Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.1PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.2PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.3PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.4PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.5PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.6PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.7PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.8PPCh. 8 - Explain what is happening in the following...Ch. 8 - Explain what is happening in the following...
Ch. 8 - Where would you expect a freshly poured glass of...Ch. 8 - Hyperbaric oxygen chambers contain 100 percent...Ch. 8 - Predict if the following will fully' dissociate,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.14PPCh. 8 - Provide a balanced equation for the hydration of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.16PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.17PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.18PPCh. 8 - How many equivalents of K+ ore present in a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.20PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.21PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.22PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.23PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.24PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.25PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.26PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.27PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.28PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.29PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.30PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.31PPCh. 8 - Calculate the percent mass, volume (% m/v) for the...Ch. 8 - (Calculate the percent mass/Volume (% m/v) for the...Ch. 8 - What is the concentration in % (m/m) of a solution...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.35PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.36PPCh. 8 - What is the concentration in ppm of a solution...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.38PPCh. 8 - How many liters of a 0.90% (m/v) NaCl solution can...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.40PPCh. 8 - What would the concentration of the resulting...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.42PPCh. 8 - How would you prepare 250 mL of a 0.225% (m/v)...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.44PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.45PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.46PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.47PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.48PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.49PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.50PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.51PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.52PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.53PPCh. 8 - Identity the type of transport (passive diffusion,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.55APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.56APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.57APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.58APCh. 8 - Does the solubility of the solute increase or...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.60APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.61APCh. 8 - Would you expect the concentration of oxygen in...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.63APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.64APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.65APCh. 8 - Provide a balanced equation for the hydration of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.67APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.68APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.69APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.70APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.71APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.72APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.73APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.74APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.75APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.76APCh. 8 - A 750 mL bottle of wine contains 12% (v/v)...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.78APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.79APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.80APCh. 8 - How many grams of dextrose are in 800 mL of a 5%...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.82APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.83APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.84APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.85APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.86APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.87APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.88APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.89APCh. 8 - How would you prepare 500 mL of a 5% D5W (dextrose...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.91APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.92APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.93APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.94APCh. 8 - Consider a cell placed in solution as shown in the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.96APCh. 8 - Edema, commonly referred to as water retention, is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.98APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.99APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.100APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.101APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.102APCh. 8 - Prob. 8.103CPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.104CPCh. 8 - Two containers of equal volume are separated by a...Ch. 8 - Proteinuria is a condition in which excessive...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.107CPCh. 8 - Prob. 1IA.1QCh. 8 - Prob. 1IA.2QCh. 8 - Describe the appearance of the foods in (a) the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2IA.2QCh. 8 - Prob. 2IA.3QCh. 8 - Prob. 2IA.4QCh. 8 - Which of the solutions (tap water or saltwater) is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2IA.6QCh. 8 - If a person pours a concentrated saltwater...Ch. 8 - If a person drinks too much water too quickly, a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 1ICCh. 8 - Prob. 2ICCh. 8 - Prob. 3IC
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