(a)
Interpretation:
Addition of
Concept Introduction:
LeChatelier’s principle states that if a stress is applied on the system that is present at equilibrium, then the system will respond to the stress applied by altering the composition at equilibrium in a way to minimize the stress that is applied.
(a)

Explanation of Solution
Given equilibrium reaction is,
On addition of
(b)
Interpretation:
Addition of
Concept Introduction:
Refer part (a).
(b)

Explanation of Solution
Given equilibrium reaction is,
On addition of
(c)
Interpretation:
Removal of
Concept Introduction:
Refer part (a).
(c)

Explanation of Solution
Given equilibrium reaction is,
On removal of
(d)
Interpretation:
Reducing the temperature in the given equilibrium reaction results in increase, decrease, or no change in the volume of hydrogen gas has to be predicted.
Concept Introduction:
Refer part (a).
(d)

Explanation of Solution
Given equilibrium reaction is,
The reaction given above is an endothermic reaction. Lowering the temperature of the equilibrium reaction results in removal of heat energy in the reactant side. This makes the equilibrium to shift towards the reactant side resulting in decrease of the volume of hydrogen gas.
(e)
Interpretation:
Addition of catalyst in the given equilibrium reaction results in increase, decrease, or no change in the volume of hydrogen gas has to be predicted.
Concept Introduction:
Refer part (a).
(e)

Explanation of Solution
Given equilibrium reaction is,
In case of an equilibrium reaction, addition of catalyst does not have any effect on the concentration of the products or the reactants. This is because, the catalyst increase the rate of the forward reaction as well as the reverse reaction. Therefore, the volume of hydrogen gas do not change on addition of catalyst.
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