The geometry of IF 3 should be determined. Concept Introduction: Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory . We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any. The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape. Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom. Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:- lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The geometry of IF3 should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

a.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution: The geometry of IF3 is T − Shaped as the hybridization of I is sp³d.

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of I is [Kr]4d105s25p5. In the excited state, the configuration becomes [Kr]4d105s25p15d1. Thus there is mixing of the s, p and d orbitals to form five half filledsp³d hybrid orbitals. These orbitals combine with oxygen to form their respective sigma bonds and two lone pairs are left at the central atom iodine. The arrangement of the bond pair and lone pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is T − Shaped.

Structure of IF3

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 1

The geometry of IF3 is T − Shaped.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometry of ClO3− should be determined.

Concept Introduction

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp.

b.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution:

The geometry of ClO3− is Pyramidal as the hybridization of Cl is sp²

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of Cl is [Ne]3s23p5. Thus there is mixing of the s and p orbitals to form three half filledsp² hybrid orbitals. These orbitals combine with oxygen to form their respective sigma bonds and pi bonds with one lone pair at the central atom chlorine. The arrangement of the bond pair and lone pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is pyramidal

Structure of ClO3−

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 2

The geometry of ClO3− is pyramidal.

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometry of TeF4 should be determined.

Concept Introduction

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

c.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution:

The geometry of TeF4

is trigonal pyramidal as the hybridization of I is sp³d

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of Tellurium is [Kr]4d105s25p45d0 and in the excited state, it is [Kr]4d105s25p35d1. Thus there is mixing of the s, p and d orbitals to form four half filledsp³d hybrid orbitals. The arrangement of the bond pair and lone pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is trigonal pyramidal

Structure of TeF4

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 3

The geometry of TeF4 is trigonal pyramidal.

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometry of XeO4 should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

d.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution:

The geometry of XeO4 is tetrahedral as the hybridization of S is sp³

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of Tellurium is [Kr]4d105s25p6 and in the excited state, it is [Kr]4d105s15p36d4. Thus there is mixing of the s, p and d orbitals to form four half filledsp³ hybrid orbitals. The arrangement of the bond pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is trigonal tetrahedral

Structure of XeO4

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 4

The geometry of XeO4 is tetrahedral.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The geometry of IF3 should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

a.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution: The geometry of IF3 is T − Shaped as the hybridization of I is sp³d.

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of I is [Kr]4d105s25p5. In the excited state, the configuration becomes [Kr]4d105s25p15d1. Thus there is mixing of the s, p and d orbitals to form five half filledsp³d hybrid orbitals. These orbitals combine with oxygen to form their respective sigma bonds and two lone pairs are left at the central atom iodine. The arrangement of the bond pair and lone pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is T − Shaped.

Structure of IF3

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 1

The geometry of IF3 is T − Shaped.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometry of ClO3− should be determined.

Concept Introduction

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp.

b.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution:

The geometry of ClO3− is Pyramidal as the hybridization of Cl is sp²

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of Cl is [Ne]3s23p5. Thus there is mixing of the s and p orbitals to form three half filledsp² hybrid orbitals. These orbitals combine with oxygen to form their respective sigma bonds and pi bonds with one lone pair at the central atom chlorine. The arrangement of the bond pair and lone pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is pyramidal

Structure of ClO3−

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 2

The geometry of ClO3− is pyramidal.

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometry of TeF4 should be determined.

Concept Introduction

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

c.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution:

The geometry of TeF4

is trigonal pyramidal as the hybridization of I is sp³d

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of Tellurium is [Kr]4d105s25p45d0 and in the excited state, it is [Kr]4d105s25p35d1. Thus there is mixing of the s, p and d orbitals to form four half filledsp³d hybrid orbitals. The arrangement of the bond pair and lone pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is trigonal pyramidal

Structure of TeF4

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 3

The geometry of TeF4 is trigonal pyramidal.

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometry of XeO4 should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

d.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution:

The geometry of XeO4 is tetrahedral as the hybridization of S is sp³

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of Tellurium is [Kr]4d105s25p6 and in the excited state, it is [Kr]4d105s15p36d4. Thus there is mixing of the s, p and d orbitals to form four half filledsp³ hybrid orbitals. The arrangement of the bond pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is trigonal tetrahedral

Structure of XeO4

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 4

The geometry of XeO4 is tetrahedral.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The geometry of IF3 should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

a.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution: The geometry of IF3 is T − Shaped as the hybridization of I is sp³d.

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of I is [Kr]4d105s25p5. In the excited state, the configuration becomes [Kr]4d105s25p15d1. Thus there is mixing of the s, p and d orbitals to form five half filledsp³d hybrid orbitals. These orbitals combine with oxygen to form their respective sigma bonds and two lone pairs are left at the central atom iodine. The arrangement of the bond pair and lone pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is T − Shaped.

Structure of IF3

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 1

The geometry of IF3 is T − Shaped.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometry of ClO3− should be determined.

Concept Introduction

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp.

b.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution:

The geometry of ClO3− is Pyramidal as the hybridization of Cl is sp²

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of Cl is [Ne]3s23p5. Thus there is mixing of the s and p orbitals to form three half filledsp² hybrid orbitals. These orbitals combine with oxygen to form their respective sigma bonds and pi bonds with one lone pair at the central atom chlorine. The arrangement of the bond pair and lone pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is pyramidal

Structure of ClO3−

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 2

The geometry of ClO3− is pyramidal.

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometry of TeF4 should be determined.

Concept Introduction

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

c.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution:

The geometry of TeF4

is trigonal pyramidal as the hybridization of I is sp³d

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of Tellurium is [Kr]4d105s25p45d0 and in the excited state, it is [Kr]4d105s25p35d1. Thus there is mixing of the s, p and d orbitals to form four half filledsp³d hybrid orbitals. The arrangement of the bond pair and lone pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is trigonal pyramidal

Structure of TeF4

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 3

The geometry of TeF4 is trigonal pyramidal.

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometry of XeO4 should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

d.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution:

The geometry of XeO4 is tetrahedral as the hybridization of S is sp³

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of Tellurium is [Kr]4d105s25p6 and in the excited state, it is [Kr]4d105s15p36d4. Thus there is mixing of the s, p and d orbitals to form four half filledsp³ hybrid orbitals. The arrangement of the bond pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is trigonal tetrahedral

Structure of XeO4

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 4

The geometry of XeO4 is tetrahedral.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The geometry of IF3 should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

a.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution: The geometry of IF3 is T − Shaped as the hybridization of I is sp³d.

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of I is [Kr]4d105s25p5. In the excited state, the configuration becomes [Kr]4d105s25p15d1. Thus there is mixing of the s, p and d orbitals to form five half filledsp³d hybrid orbitals. These orbitals combine with oxygen to form their respective sigma bonds and two lone pairs are left at the central atom iodine. The arrangement of the bond pair and lone pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is T − Shaped.

Structure of IF3

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 1

The geometry of IF3 is T − Shaped.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometry of ClO3− should be determined.

Concept Introduction

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp.

b.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution:

The geometry of ClO3− is Pyramidal as the hybridization of Cl is sp²

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of Cl is [Ne]3s23p5. Thus there is mixing of the s and p orbitals to form three half filledsp² hybrid orbitals. These orbitals combine with oxygen to form their respective sigma bonds and pi bonds with one lone pair at the central atom chlorine. The arrangement of the bond pair and lone pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is pyramidal

Structure of ClO3−

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 2

The geometry of ClO3− is pyramidal.

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometry of TeF4 should be determined.

Concept Introduction

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

c.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution:

The geometry of TeF4

is trigonal pyramidal as the hybridization of I is sp³d

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of Tellurium is [Kr]4d105s25p45d0 and in the excited state, it is [Kr]4d105s25p35d1. Thus there is mixing of the s, p and d orbitals to form four half filledsp³d hybrid orbitals. The arrangement of the bond pair and lone pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is trigonal pyramidal

Structure of TeF4

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 3

The geometry of TeF4 is trigonal pyramidal.

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometry of XeO4 should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

d.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution:

The geometry of XeO4 is tetrahedral as the hybridization of S is sp³

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of Tellurium is [Kr]4d105s25p6 and in the excited state, it is [Kr]4d105s15p36d4. Thus there is mixing of the s, p and d orbitals to form four half filledsp³ hybrid orbitals. The arrangement of the bond pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is trigonal tetrahedral

Structure of XeO4

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 4

The geometry of XeO4 is tetrahedral.

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Answer 5

Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The geometry of IF3 should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

a.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution: The geometry of IF3 is T − Shaped as the hybridization of I is sp³d.

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of I is [Kr]4d105s25p5. In the excited state, the configuration becomes [Kr]4d105s25p15d1. Thus there is mixing of the s, p and d orbitals to form five half filledsp³d hybrid orbitals. These orbitals combine with oxygen to form their respective sigma bonds and two lone pairs are left at the central atom iodine. The arrangement of the bond pair and lone pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is T − Shaped.

Structure of IF3

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 1

The geometry of IF3 is T − Shaped.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometry of ClO3− should be determined.

Concept Introduction

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp.

b.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution:

The geometry of ClO3− is Pyramidal as the hybridization of Cl is sp²

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of Cl is [Ne]3s23p5. Thus there is mixing of the s and p orbitals to form three half filledsp² hybrid orbitals. These orbitals combine with oxygen to form their respective sigma bonds and pi bonds with one lone pair at the central atom chlorine. The arrangement of the bond pair and lone pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is pyramidal

Structure of ClO3−

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 2

The geometry of ClO3− is pyramidal.

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometry of TeF4 should be determined.

Concept Introduction

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

c.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution:

The geometry of TeF4

is trigonal pyramidal as the hybridization of I is sp³d

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of Tellurium is [Kr]4d105s25p45d0 and in the excited state, it is [Kr]4d105s25p35d1. Thus there is mixing of the s, p and d orbitals to form four half filledsp³d hybrid orbitals. The arrangement of the bond pair and lone pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is trigonal pyramidal

Structure of TeF4

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 3

The geometry of TeF4 is trigonal pyramidal.

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometry of XeO4 should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

d.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution:

The geometry of XeO4 is tetrahedral as the hybridization of S is sp³

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of Tellurium is [Kr]4d105s25p6 and in the excited state, it is [Kr]4d105s15p36d4. Thus there is mixing of the s, p and d orbitals to form four half filledsp³ hybrid orbitals. The arrangement of the bond pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is trigonal tetrahedral

Structure of XeO4

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 4

The geometry of XeO4 is tetrahedral.

Answer 6

Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The geometry of IF3 should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

a.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution: The geometry of IF3 is T − Shaped as the hybridization of I is sp³d.

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of I is [Kr]4d105s25p5. In the excited state, the configuration becomes [Kr]4d105s25p15d1. Thus there is mixing of the s, p and d orbitals to form five half filledsp³d hybrid orbitals. These orbitals combine with oxygen to form their respective sigma bonds and two lone pairs are left at the central atom iodine. The arrangement of the bond pair and lone pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is T − Shaped.

Structure of IF3

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 1

The geometry of IF3 is T − Shaped.

Answer 7

Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The geometry of IF3 should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

Answer 8

a.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution: The geometry of IF3 is T − Shaped as the hybridization of I is sp³d.

Answer 9

a.

Expert Solution

Answer 10

a.

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of I is [Kr]4d105s25p5. In the excited state, the configuration becomes [Kr]4d105s25p15d1. Thus there is mixing of the s, p and d orbitals to form five half filledsp³d hybrid orbitals. These orbitals combine with oxygen to form their respective sigma bonds and two lone pairs are left at the central atom iodine. The arrangement of the bond pair and lone pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is T − Shaped.

Structure of IF3

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 1

The geometry of IF3 is T − Shaped.

Answer 13

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometry of ClO3− should be determined.

Concept Introduction

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp.

b.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution:

The geometry of ClO3− is Pyramidal as the hybridization of Cl is sp²

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of Cl is [Ne]3s23p5. Thus there is mixing of the s and p orbitals to form three half filledsp² hybrid orbitals. These orbitals combine with oxygen to form their respective sigma bonds and pi bonds with one lone pair at the central atom chlorine. The arrangement of the bond pair and lone pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is pyramidal

Structure of ClO3−

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 2

The geometry of ClO3− is pyramidal.

Answer 14

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometry of ClO3− should be determined.

Concept Introduction

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp.

Answer 15

b.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution:

The geometry of ClO3− is Pyramidal as the hybridization of Cl is sp²

Answer 16

b.

Expert Solution

Answer 17

b.

Expert Solution

Answer 18

Expert Solution

Answer 19

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of Cl is [Ne]3s23p5. Thus there is mixing of the s and p orbitals to form three half filledsp² hybrid orbitals. These orbitals combine with oxygen to form their respective sigma bonds and pi bonds with one lone pair at the central atom chlorine. The arrangement of the bond pair and lone pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is pyramidal

Structure of ClO3−

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 2

The geometry of ClO3− is pyramidal.

Answer 20

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometry of TeF4 should be determined.

Concept Introduction

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

c.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution:

The geometry of TeF4

is trigonal pyramidal as the hybridization of I is sp³d

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of Tellurium is [Kr]4d105s25p45d0 and in the excited state, it is [Kr]4d105s25p35d1. Thus there is mixing of the s, p and d orbitals to form four half filledsp³d hybrid orbitals. The arrangement of the bond pair and lone pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is trigonal pyramidal

Structure of TeF4

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 3

The geometry of TeF4 is trigonal pyramidal.

Answer 21

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometry of TeF4 should be determined.

Concept Introduction

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

Answer 22

c.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution:

The geometry of TeF4

is trigonal pyramidal as the hybridization of I is sp³d

Answer 23

c.

Expert Solution

Answer 24

c.

Expert Solution

Answer 25

Expert Solution

Answer 26

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of Tellurium is [Kr]4d105s25p45d0 and in the excited state, it is [Kr]4d105s25p35d1. Thus there is mixing of the s, p and d orbitals to form four half filledsp³d hybrid orbitals. The arrangement of the bond pair and lone pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is trigonal pyramidal

Structure of TeF4

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 3

The geometry of TeF4 is trigonal pyramidal.

Answer 27

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometry of XeO4 should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

d.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution:

The geometry of XeO4 is tetrahedral as the hybridization of S is sp³

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of Tellurium is [Kr]4d105s25p6 and in the excited state, it is [Kr]4d105s15p36d4. Thus there is mixing of the s, p and d orbitals to form four half filledsp³ hybrid orbitals. The arrangement of the bond pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is trigonal tetrahedral

Structure of XeO4

EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,, Chapter 7, Problem 7.65PAE , additional homework tip 4

The geometry of XeO4 is tetrahedral.

Answer 28

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometry of XeO4 should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.

The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.

Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.

Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-

lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp

Answer 29

d.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 7.65PAE

Solution:

The geometry of XeO4 is tetrahedral as the hybridization of S is sp³

Answer 30

d.

Expert Solution

Answer 31

d.

Expert Solution

Answer 32

Expert Solution

Answer 33

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of Tellurium is [Kr]4d105s25p6 and in the excited state, it is [Kr]4d105s15p36d4. Thus there is mixing of the s, p and d orbitals to form four half filledsp³ hybrid orbitals. The arrangement of the bond pair is such that each of them suffers the minimum repulsion. Hence, the shape is trigonal tetrahedral