Concept explainers
CALC A certain spring found not to obey Hooke’s law exerts a restoring force Fx(x) = −αx2 − βx2 if it is stretched or compressed, where α = 60.0 N/m and β = 18.0 N/m. The mass of the spring is negligible, (a) Calculate the potential-energy function U(x) for this spring. Let U = 0 when x = 0. (b) An object with mass 0.900 kg on a frictionless, horizontal surface is attached to this spring, pulled a distance 1.00 m to the right (the +x-direction) to stretch the spring, and released. What is the speed of the object when it is 0.50 m to the right of the x = 0 equilibrium position?
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 7 Solutions
University Physics (14th Edition)
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
College Physics
Life in the Universe (4th Edition)
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach, Vol. 1 (Chs 1-21) (4th Edition)
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (4th Edition)
Cosmic Perspective Fundamentals
Applied Physics (11th Edition)
- “ E=K+Uconstant is a special case of the work energy theorem.” Discuss this statement.arrow_forwardA particle of mass 0.50 kg moves along the x -axis with a potential energy whose dependence on x is shown below. (a) What is the force on the particle at x = 2.0, 5.0, 8.0, and 12 m? (b) If the total mechanical energy E of the particle is —6.0 J, what are the minimum and maximum positions of the particle? (c) What are these positions if E = 2.0 J? (d) If E = 16 J, what are the speeds of the particle at the positions listed in part (a)?arrow_forwardWhen a 4.00-kg object is hung vertically on a certain light spring that obeys Hookes law, the spring stretches 2.50 cm. If the 4.00-kg object is removed, (a) how far will the spring stretch if a 1.50-kg block is hung on it? (b) How much work must an external agent do to stretch the same spring 4.00 cm from its unstretched position?arrow_forward
- A block of mass 200 g is attached at the end of a massless spring of spring constant 50 N/m. The other end of the spring is attached to the ceiling and the mass is released at a height considered to be where the gravitational potential energy is zero. (a) What is the net potential energy of the block at the instant the block is at the lowest point? (b) What is the net potential energy of the block at the midpoint of its descent? (c) What is the speed of the block at the midpoint of its descent?arrow_forwardA shopper pushes a grocery cart 20.0 m at constant speed on level ground, against a 35.0 N frictional force. He pushes in a direction 25.0° below the horizontal. (a) What is the work done on the cart by friction? (b) What is the work done on the cart by the gravitational force? (c) What is the work done on the cart by the shopper? (d) Find the force the shopper exerts, using energy considerations. (e) What is the total work done on the cart?arrow_forwardIn the movie Monty Python and the Holy Grail (https://openstaxcollege. org/l/21monpytmovcl) a cow is catapulted from the top of a castle wall over to the people down below. The gravitational potential energy is set to zero at ground level. The cow is launched from a spring of spring constant 1.1 104 N/m that is expanded 0.5 m from equilibrium. If the castle is 9.1 m tall and the mass of the cow is 110 kg, (a) what is the gravitational potential energy of the cow at the top of the castle? (b) What is the elastic spring energy of the cow before the catapult is released? (c) What is the speed of the cow right before it lands on the ground?arrow_forward
- (a) Can the kinetic energy of a system be negative? (b) Can the gravitational potential energy of a system be negative? Explain.arrow_forward(a) How long will it take an 850-kg car with a useful power output of 40.0 hp (1 hp equals 746 W) to reach a speed of 15.0 m/s, neglecting friction? (b) How long will this acceleration take if the car also climbs a 3.00-m high hill in the process?arrow_forwardTrue or False: The elastic potential energy of a stretched or compressed spring is always positive.arrow_forward
- A block of mass m = 0.250 kg is pressed against a spring resting on the bottom of a plane inclined an angle = 45.0 to the horizontal. The spring, which has a force constant of 955 N/m, is compressed a distance of 8.00 cm, and the block is released from rest. Consider the total energy of the springblockEarth system. a. What is the total distance the block moves from its initial position if the incline is frictionless? b. What is the total distance the block moves from its initial position if the coefficient of kinetic friction between the incline and the block is 0.330?arrow_forwardAn object of mass 10 kg is released at point A, slides to the bottom of the 30 incline, then collides with a horizontal massless spring, compressing it a maximum distance of 0.75 m. (See below.) The spring constant is 500 M/m, the height of the incline is 2.0 m, and the horizontal surface is frictionless. (a) What is the speed of the object at the bottom of the incline? (b) What is the work of friction on the object while it is on the incline? (c) The spring recoils and sends the object back toward the incline. What is the speed of the object when it reaches the base of the incline? (d) What vertical distance does it move back up the incline?arrow_forward(a) A force F=(4xi+3yj), where F is in newtons and x and y are in meters, acts on an object as the object moves in the x direction from the origin to x = 5.00 m. Find the work W=Fdr done by the force on the object. (b) What If? Find the work W=Fdr done by the force on the object if it moves from the origin to (5.00 m, 5.00 m) along a straightline path making an angle of 45.0 with the positive x axis. Is the work done by this force dependent on the path taken between the initial and final points?arrow_forward
- Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage LearningUniversity Physics Volume 1PhysicsISBN:9781938168277Author:William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff SannyPublisher:OpenStax - Rice University
- Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...PhysicsISBN:9781337553292Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningCollege PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781285737027Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and EngineersPhysicsISBN:9781337553278Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning