Chapter 7, Problem 7.23CU

Answer the following true or false. Explain. (a) A process that violates the second law of thermodynamics violates the first law of thermidynamics. (b) When a net amount of work is done on a closed system undergoing an internally reversible process, a net heat transfer of energy from the system also occurs. (c) One corollary of the second law of thermodynamics states that the change in entropy of a closed system must be greater than zero or equal to zero. (d) A closed system can experience an increase in entropy only when irreversibilities are present within the system during the process. (e) Entropy is produced in every internally reversible process of a closed system. (f) In an adiabatic and internally reversible process of  a closed system, the entropy remains constant. (g) The energy of an isolated system must remain constant, but the entropy can only decrease.

Question 2 Three kilograms of water in a piston-cylinder assembly, initially at 100 kPa and 75°C, are heated at constant pressure with no internal irreversibilities to a final temperature of 500°C. For the water, Plot the processes on the P-v curve and determine: (a) the change in exergy, (b) the exergy transfer accompanying heat transfer, (c) the exergy transfer accompanying work, and (d) the exergy destruction. Take To = 25 °C, Po = 100 kPa and ignore the effects of motion and gravity.

A closed, isolated system is in equilibrium. Which of the following statements will NOT be true? O a. The energy of the system will remain constant O b. The entropy of the system can only increase О с. There will be no chemical reactions occurring in the system O d. The system will be adiabatic е. The mass of the system will remain constant

Consider 0.75 kg of N2 at 300 K, 1 bar contained in a rigid tank connected by a valve to another rigid tank holding 0.3 kg of CO2 at 300 K, 1 bar. The valve is opened and gases are allowed to mix, achieving an equilibrium state at 280 K.   determine the entropy change of each gas and of the overall system, in kJ/K.

Select all proper statements below to explain that the internally reversible process is an isentropic process_______   A. The entropy generation  is zero for reversible processes    B. The entropy transported by heat  is zero for reversible processes    C. The entropy transported by heat  is zero for adiabatic processes    D. The entropy generation  is zero for adiabatic processes

answer the following true or false. (a) A process that violates the second law of thermodynamics violates the first law of thermodynamics. (b) When a net amount of work is done on a closed system undergoing an internally reversible process, a net heat transfer of energy from the system also occurs. (c) A closed system can experience an increase in entropy only when a net amount of entropy is transferred into the system. (d) The change in entropy of a closed system is the same for every process between two specified end states.

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Two moles of ethane in a piston-cylinder assembly undergo a reversible adiabatic compression from the initial volume of 0.1 m³ to the final volume of 0.002 m³. The initial pressure is 0.5 bar. Note that if ideal gas, the heat capacity of ethane is given by Cp = 1.131 + 1.9225 x 10-² T-5.561 x 10-6 T², where T is in K. Use the van der Waals equation of state to determine (1) the initial temperature in K (also compares the result with that calculated using the ideal gas law), (2) the final pressure in bar, (3) the final temperature in K, and (4) the work done during this process in J. R