Chapter 7, Problem 7.20P

Four kilograms of a two-phase liquid-vapor mixture of water initially at 300°C and x1= 0.3 undergo the two different processes described below. In each case, the mixture is brought from the initial state to a saturated vapor state, while the volume remains constant. For each process, determine the change in exergy of the water, the net amounts of exergy transfer by work and heat, and the amount of exergy destruction, each in kJ. Let To = 300K, po 1 bar, and ignore the effects of motion and gravity. Comment on the difference between the exergy destruction values. a. The process is brought about adiabatically by stirring the mixture with a paddle wheel.

Four kilograms of a two-phase liquid-vapor mixture of water initially at 300°C and x1= 0.3 undergo the two different processes described below. In each case, the mixture is brought from the initial state to a saturated vapor state, while the volume remains constant. For each process, determine the change in exergy of the water, the net amounts of exergy transfer by work and heat, and the amount of exergy destruction, each in kJ. Let To = 300K, po 1 bar, and ignore the effects of motion and gravity. Comment on the difference between the exergy destruction values. a. The process is brought about adiabatically by stirring the mixture with a paddle wheel. b. The process is brought about by heat transfer from a thermal reservoir at 610 K. The temperature of the water at the location where the heat transfer occurs is 610 K.

Steady-state operating data are shown in the figure below for an open feedwater heater. Heat transfer from the feedwater heater to its surroundings occurs at an average outer surface temperature of 50°C at a rate of 100 kW. Ignore the effects of motion and gravity and let To = 25°C, po = 1 bar. Determine (a) the ratio of the incoming mass flow rates, m/ṁ2. (b) the rate of exergy destruction, in kW. P2 = 1 bar Tz = 400°C 1 ṁy = 0.7 kg/s Pi = 1 bar T, = 40°C Feedwater heater X3 = 25% P3 = 1 bar Tp = 50°C %3D 2)