Concept explainers
To examine: The experimental treatment that will increase the rate of sucrose transport into a plant cell.
Introduction: A transporter is a protein that spans the lipid bilayer of a plasma membrane and helps the molecules, ions, and other solutes to pass through it. Active transport maintains the internal concentration of solutes that differ in concentration from the environment. Active transport requires energy expenditure to perform the work. The energy is supplied by the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). A cotransporter is a protein that couples a substance against their concentration gradient in a company of a substance that diffuses down to their concentration gradient. In a cotransporter, the ATP molecule is utilized indirectly to provide the energy necessary for cotransport. ATP is utilized by a proton pump to translocate the hydrogen ions (H+). This proton gradient is utilized for the transport of sucrose molecule by a cotransporter.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 7 Solutions
Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
- Among the statements a, b and c, which is/are false? a) Endocytosis is the formation of vacuoles by the plasma membrane for the purpose oftransport inside the cell a small content of extracellular fluid. b) Exocytosis is the formation of vacuoles by the plasma membrane for the purpose oftransport a small amount of intracellular fluid out of the cell. c) Pinocytosis is a form of endocytosis. d) All of these statements are false. e) None of these statements is false.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is involved in the bio-signaling pathway that includes membrane turnover and exocytosis? a) Phosphatidyl glycerol b) Phosphatidylinositol c) Phosphatidyl glycerol and myoinositol d) Myoinositolarrow_forwardA research student creates an artificial animal cell containing a 5M solution of glucose with a selectively permeable membrane that only allows water to cross it. She places the cell into a beaker of water. After an hour, what effect do you expect to observe? (a) Water moves out of the cell causing it to shrink. (b) Glucose moves out of the cell until equilibrium is reached. (c) Water moves into the cell causing it to lyse/burst. (d) Glucose moves into the cell by facilitated diffusion. (e) There is no net movement of water or glucose. Explain your answerarrow_forward
- Microtubules are polar filaments; that is, one end is different from the other. What is the basis for this polarity, how is polarity related to microtubule organization within the cell, and how is polarity related to the intracellular movements powered by microtubule-dependent motors?arrow_forwardif you visualize the cytoskeleton of a cell that is expanding in one direction, you typically observed a strong orientation of the cytoskeleton. Please answer the following three questions. a. Would the cytoskeleton be oriented parallel or perpendicular to the direction of cell expansion? b. Would the cellulose fibers in the cell wall be parallel or perpendicular to the cytoskeleton? c. Explain why cytoskeleton, cellulose fibers, and direction of cell expansion have the relationship mentioned in a and b?arrow_forwardThe LDL receptor is internalized via endocytosis every ten minutes and recycled to the membrane. How does the cell recycle the receptor and not the ligand (in this case LDL)? A. The high pH (~10) of the early endosome causes dissociation of LDL from the receptor and the receptor is segregated into recycling endosomes. B. The low pH (~5) of the early endosome causes dissociation of LDL from the receptor and the receptor is segregated into recycling endosomes. O C. A targeting sequence on the ligand sorts it to the late endosome/lysosome. D. This is an error-prone process, the ligand often gets recycled accidentally.arrow_forward
- Which of the following glycerophospholipids is not common in inner leaflet (cytoplasmic)?a) Phosphatidylserineb) Phosphatidylethanolaminec) Phosphatidylinositold) Phosphatidylcholinearrow_forwardNonearrow_forwardTab. 20.2. Pathological structural changes of cell organelles Ribosomes (7) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (8) (9) (10) Golgi apparatus (11) 2009 (12) Peroxisomes Lysosomes Hyaloplasm 286 a) a) 8- b) Mon 8o b) Type of disturbance Causes Outcomesarrow_forward
- Of the following functions the peripheral glycoproteins and glycolipids (surface markers) of animal cell membranes are most important for a) the ability of the cell to recognize like and different cells. b) active transport of molecules against their concentration gradients. c) facilitated diffusion of molecules down their concentration gradients. d)maintaining membrane fluidity at low temperatures.arrow_forwardWhat is the membrane potential? Is the outside of theplasma membrane positively or negatively chargedcompared with the inside?arrow_forwardHow do MACs cause cells to lyse?arrow_forward
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education