Chapter 7, Problem 4RQ

Blood Types Are Determined by Cell-Surface Antigens A patient of yours has just undergone shoulder surgery and is experiencing kidney failure for no apparent reason. You check his chart and find that his blood is type B, but he has been mistakenly transfused with type A. Explain why he is experiencing kidney failure.

Which of the following statements about red blood cells is false? a. They live about 120 days before being replaced. b. They lack a nucleus and other organelles when they are mature. c. They are replaced when the hormone EPO stimulates stem cells in bone marrow. d. They are replaced as part of a negative feedback loop in which kidney cells monitor blood oxygen levels e. All the above statements are true except b, because all cells require a nucleus in order to function properly.

Figure 18.13 Are you able to recognize and identify the various formed elements? You will need to do this is a systematic manner, scanning along the image. The standard method is to use a grid, but this is not possible with this resource. Try constructing a simple table with each leukocyte type and then making a mark for each cell type you identify. Attempt to classify at least 50 and perhaps as many as 100 different cells. Based on the percentage of cells that you count, do the numbers represent a normal blood smear or does something appear to be abnormal? Figure 18.13 Leukocytes (Micrographs provided by the Regents of University of Michigan Medical School © 2012)