Chapter 7, Problem 4RE

A.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The cause of cause of the leg weakness and its relation with to the lung cancer.

Introduction: An agent capable of causing cancer is called a carcinogen. Cigarette smoke contains both procarcinogens and promoters. It is directly associated with laryngeal cancer and lung. It has been linked with cancers of the mouth, nasal cavities, pharynx, esophagus, pancreas, liver, kidney, uterus, cervix, and bladder, and myeloid leukemias.

B.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The relation between the patient’s smoking history with lung cancer.

Introduction: Tobacco smoke or Cigarette smoke is a complex aerosol mixture of chemical compounds produced by the incomplete combustion of tobacco during the smoking of cigarettes and other tobacco products. Tobacco smoke is a dynamic and complex toxic chemical mixture of more than 7,000 chemicals.

C.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The mechanism of cancer metastasis.

Introduction: Stage IV cancer is commonly called Metastatic cancer or advanced cancer. It occurs when cancer cells break off from the original tumor and start spreading to new organs of the body, through the bloodstream or lymph system, and form new tumors.

D.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The mechanism by which chemotherapy and irradiation destroys the cancerous cells.

Introduction: The most common modalities are surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and biotherapy. The goals of cancer treatment methods fall into three categories: curative, control, and palliative.