Chapter 7, Problem 41RQE

Program Plan Intro

Regular “for” loop:

The “for” loop is also referred as count-controlled loop and it contains three processes as follows:

• Initialization
• Compare
• Update

It is possible to initialize more than one variable in loop expression. In some cases it is necessary to track number of times the loop gets executed; so C++ provides “for” loop.

Syntax:

The syntax for the “for” loop is as follows:

//for loop condition

for (initialization; compare; update)

{

//statement

}

In the above format,

• The “initialization” represents the initialization variable for the loop.
• The “compare” represents the comparison condition which is used to exit from the loop when the condition becomes failure.
• The “update” represents the counter variable to count each iteration in the loop.
• The “statement” represents the statements which are needs to be executed during the loop iteration.

Range based for loop:

The range based “for” loop is the one which iterates each element once from the array. On iteration, the loop copies element from the array to variable each time.

• For example, consider an array consists of six elements; so, the loop will iterate for 6 times to retrieve each element from the array.

Syntax:

The syntax for the range based “for” loop is as follows:

for(datatype rangeVariable: array)

Statement;

In the above format,

• The “datatype” is the data type followed by the range variable; the range variable uses the same data type as the array follows or else it follows a type to which the element of the array can be automatically converted.
• The “rangeVariable” is the name which receives the value from array for each loop iteration; this variable changes the value on each loop iteration like first, second and so on.
• The “array” represents the name of the array that the loop needs to operate; from this array, the loop iterates once for every element.
• The “statement” represents the statement that needs to be executed during the loop iteration.

Algorithm:

• Start the program
• Declare the variable “name” as “int” and assign the size of the variable “name” with 20 elements.
• Then, write the regular “for” loop and range based for loop to print each element of the array.