Study Guide with Lab Manual for Jeffus' Welding: Principles and Applications, 8th
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781305494701
Author: Larry Jeffus
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 7, Problem 38R
What is hard slag?
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2. Consider a polymeric membrane within a 6 cm diameter stirred ultrafiltration cell. The membrane is
30 μm thick. The membrane has pores equivalent in size to a spherical molecule with a molecular weight
of 100,000, a porosity of 80%, and a tortuosity of 2.5. On the feed side of the membrane, we have a
solution containing a protein at a concentration of 8 g L-1 with these properties: a = 3 nm and DAB = 6.0 ×
10-7 cm² s¹. The solution viscosity is 1 cP. The hydrodynamic pressure on the protein side of the
membrane is 20 pounds per square inch (psi) higher than on the filtrate side of the membrane. Assume
that the hydrodynamic pressure difference is much larger than the osmotic pressure difference
(advection >> diffusion). Determine the convective flow rate of the solution across the membrane.
1. Calculate the filtration flow rate (cm³ s¹) of a pure fluid across a 100 cm² membrane. Assume the
viscosity (µ) of the fluid is 1.8 cP. The porosity of the membrane is 40% and the thickness of the
membrane is 500 μm. The pores run straight through the membrane and these pores have a radius of
0.225 μm. The pressure drop applied across the membrane is 75 psi. (Note: 1 cP = 0.001 N s m²² = 0.001
Pa s.)
3. Tong and Anderson (1996) obtained for BSA the following data in a polyacrylamide gel for the
partition coefficient (K) as a function of the gel volume fraction (4). The BSA they used had a molecular
weight of 67,000, a molecular radius of 3.6 nm, and a diffusivity of 6 × 10-7 cm2 s-1. Compare the
Ogston equation
K=exp
+
to their data and obtain an estimate for the radius of the cylindrical fibers (af) that comprise the gel.
Hint: You will need to plot Ink as a function of gel volume fraction as part of your analysis. Please include
your MATLAB, or other, code with your solution.
Gel Volume Fraction (4)
KBSA
0.00
1.0
0.025
0.35
0.05
0.09
0.06
0.05
0.075
0.017
0.085
0.02
0.105
0.03
Chapter 7 Solutions
Study Guide with Lab Manual for Jeffus' Welding: Principles and Applications, 8th
Ch. 7 - Using Table 7-1, list the six different fuel gases...Ch. 7 - What metals can be cut with the oxyfuel gas...Ch. 7 - What other term is used to refer to the OFC...Ch. 7 - What is a combination welding and cutting torch?Ch. 7 - State one advantage of owning a combination...Ch. 7 - State one advantage of owning a dedicated cutting...Ch. 7 - What is a mixing chamber? Where is it located?Ch. 7 - Define the term equal-pressure torch. How does it...Ch. 7 - How does an injector-type mixing chamber work?Ch. 7 - State the advantages of having two oxygen...
Ch. 7 - Why are some copper alloy cutting tips...Ch. 7 - Using Table 7-4, answer the following: a . Oxygen...Ch. 7 - What determines the amount of preheat flame...Ch. 7 - What can happen if acetylene is used on a tip...Ch. 7 - Why are some propane and natural gas tips made...Ch. 7 - What types of tip seals are used with cutting...Ch. 7 - If a cutting tip sticks in the cutting head, how...Ch. 7 - How can cutting torch tip seals be repaired?Ch. 7 - What is used to reduce the high cylinder or system...Ch. 7 - What do the two pressure gauges on a regulator...Ch. 7 - Why must the gas pressure be released and the...Ch. 7 - What should be done if the torch flashes back?Ch. 7 - What is the purpose of a reverse flow valve?Ch. 7 - Why must the reverse flow valve and the flashback...Ch. 7 - How can a hose be checked for leaks?Ch. 7 - Why is the oxygen valve turned on before starting...Ch. 7 - Why does the preheat flame become slightly...Ch. 7 - What causes the tiny ripples in a hand cut?Ch. 7 - Why is a slight forward torch angle helpful for...Ch. 7 - Why should cans, drums, tanks, or other sealed...Ch. 7 - Why is the torch tip raised as the cutting lever...Ch. 7 - Why are the preheat holes not aligned in the kerf...Ch. 7 - Sketch the proper end shape of a soapstone that is...Ch. 7 - What are two methods you can use to determine what...Ch. 7 - What is the best way to set the oxygen pressure...Ch. 7 - Why is it important to have extra ventilation...Ch. 7 - What factors regarding a cut can be read from the...Ch. 7 - What is hard slag?Ch. 7 - Why is it important to make good-quality cuts?Ch. 7 - When using an ordinary welding table, what can be...Ch. 7 - Describe the methods of controlling distortion...Ch. 7 - List three things that can become a problem when...Ch. 7 - How does cutting small-diameter pipe differ from...
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