Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305112100
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 7, Problem 2CT
Heavy smokers often develop abnormally high blood pressure. The nicotine in tobacco is a potent vasoconstrictor. Explain the connection between these two facts, including what kind of blood vessels are likely affected.
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Nicotine stimulates both the SA node to increase its firing rate and the myocardium to contract more forcefully, which raises cardiac output. It also causes arteriole vasoconstriction. Given this information, would you expect the blood pressure of a smoker to be relatively higher or lower than that of a nonsmoker? Explain.
Changes in blood pressure occur throughout the day. Short term mechanisms, like the baroreceptor reflex, maintain a steady flow of blood to the tissues to sustain life despite postural changes. However, there can be elevations of blood pressure orchestrated by the nervous system. Describe an example where the nervous system causes changes in the normal functioning of the circulatory system.
Severe hemorrhage increases peripheral vasoconstriction and heart rate. Why does it cause rapid breathing?
Chapter 7 Solutions
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 7 - List the functions of the cardiovascular system.Ch. 7 - Define a heartbeat, giving the sequence of events...Ch. 7 - What is the difference between the systemic and...Ch. 7 - Prob. 4RQCh. 7 - Prob. 5RQCh. 7 - State the main functions of venules and veins....Ch. 7 - Label the hearts main parts in the diagram below.Ch. 7 - Cells obtain nutrients from and deposit waste into...Ch. 7 - The contraction phase of the heartbeat is ______;...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3SQ
Ch. 7 - In the systemic circuit, the hearts _______ half...Ch. 7 - After you eat, blood passing through the GI tract...Ch. 7 - Prob. 6SQCh. 7 - Prob. 7SQCh. 7 - Prob. 8SQCh. 7 - _____ contraction drives blood through the...Ch. 7 - Match the type of blood vessel with its major...Ch. 7 - Prob. 11SQCh. 7 - A patient suffering from hypertension may receive...Ch. 7 - Heavy smokers often develop abnormally high blood...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3CTCh. 7 - Several years ago the deaths of several airline...
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