a)
Introduction:Audit risk is the risk thatthe auditor mightdeclare an unqualified report due to his failure in detecting a material misstatement either due to error or fraud.
To state:that the audit risk should be considered at zero level for almost all the audit assignments.
Introduction:Inherent risk is the risk generated by an error or omission in a financial statement because of a factor other than failure of internal control. In a financial audit, inherent risk is most likely to occur when transactions are complex,or when the situations need a high level of judgment for the financial estimates.
To state:That the Inherent risk factor as low as zero level impacts the auditor for not going into detailed examination of the books of account.
Introduction:Control risk is the probability that financial statements are significantly wrong,because of failures in the
To state:That the auditor has to collect evidences on design as well as operations of controls, to assess the control risk at low level.
Introduction:Detection risk is the risk that auditor will not be able detect a misstatement that is found in the decision that could be significant, either individually or collectively.
To state:that detection risk at 50% means that the auditor can rely to the extent 50% about the existence of any material misstatement.
Introduction:Audit risk is the risk that the auditor might declare an unqualified report due to his failure in detecting a material misstatement either due to error or fraud.
To state:That audit risk vary in relation to inherent risk and control risk and has inverse relationship.
Introduction:Audit risk model is a technique which is used by auditors to assess the relationship between various risks generating from an audit assignment, which enables the auditor to manage the overall audit risk.
To state:that judgment of the auditor is a key factor while deciding about the audit risk model.
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Auditing: A Risk Based-Approach (MindTap Course List)
- Read the case. Then answer the questions based on it. BACKGROUND: Audit standards indicate that there is a presumption that auditors will confirm accounts receivable unless the balance is immaterial, confirmations are deemed ineffective, or the auditors' assessment of risk is low and other procedures will achieve the same objective. However, these instances are considered few and far between and current trends in auditing indicate that there is an expectation that accounts receivable will be confirmed. Auditors may stratify the population, use haphazard or judgmental sampling, and send positive or negative requests. Jenner & Jenner CPAs are the auditors for the Leno Company. In reviewing the accounts receivable aging, the auditors learn that there is a high number of accounts with balances, there are some very large and very small balances, and many customers' balances consist of multiple invoices. 2. How should the auditors mitigate the risk associated with both very large and…arrow_forwardWhen planning to perform an audit, an accountant must have a clear understanding of audit risk and its components. The existing audit risk components consist of: 1. Control Risk 2. Detection Risk 3. Inherent Risk For each of the following situations, determine the component of audit risk that exists and explain why. 1. The client failed to find fraud committed by his employees as early as possible because the client did not reconcile the bank balance every month. 2. The auditor's confirmation of accounts receivable failed to detect material misstatements in the sales and accounts receivable accounts. 3. Procedure for disbursement of money at the client which is carried out without the approval of the authorized officialarrow_forwardProfessional guidance indicates that the auditor should consider revenue recognition to be high risk in planning an audit of a company’s financial statements. a. Identify the activities that affect the revenue cycle. b. Identify the financial statement accounts typically associated with the revenue cycle.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is correct regarding the use of confirmation letters in an audit of financial statements: a. Blank confirmation letters are usually preferred when the auditor expects an overstatement error in the account balance. b. A reply from a receivable confirmation letter received from the customer through the client is considered an invalid reply, thus another set of confirmation letter should be sent. c. A positive confirmation letter is preferred over a negative confirmation letter when the auditor, based on his past experience with the client, expects minimal to zero errors. d. When an auditor does not receive a reply from a customer for a negative confirmation letter in a considerable period of time, the auditor should send out another set of confirmation letter.arrow_forwardAssessing the risk of fraud in a financial statementaudit is a difficult audit judgment. Auditing standards require the auditor to performseveral audit procedures to accumulate information to assess the risk of fraud. You arethe in-charge auditor responsible for planning the financial statement audit of Spencer,Inc. Two new staff auditors are assisting you with the initial audit planning and haveasked you the following questions.Briefly summarize your response to these staff auditor questions:a. What is the purpose of the audit team’s brainstorming session?b. Who should attend the brainstorming session and when should the session be held?c. What is the role of the two staff auditors in the brainstorming session?d. What is the auditor’s responsibility under auditing standards for detecting fraud?arrow_forwardAn IT auditor is conducting data analysis procedures on an employee expense report file and notices several expenses for $24.99 from the same individual. The company’s policy requires that any expenses that are under $25.00 do not require a receipt. The IT auditor should: [SELECT ALL THAT APPLY a) Maintain professional skepticism and investigate these transactions further b) Pass on investigating these items further, focusing on higher dollar amounts c) Evaluate the business process approval controls, and related procedures d) Discuss fraud awareness and detection programs with management to gain an understanding of management’s commitment to fraud prevention and related entity-level anti-fraud controls.arrow_forward
- PCAOB standards are used to conduct the audit for public companies. * True False If an auditor assigns a tolerable misstatement of $1,000 to accounts payable, he or she would need to obtain less audit evidence for that account than if $100,000 had been assigned. * True False An engagement letter establishes a clear understanding of the terms of the engagement between the client and the auditor. * True Falsearrow_forwardWhich sentence below is true about audit risk: A. Audit risk is the risk that a company may hire an incompetent auditor. B. Audit risk can be completely eliminated through appropriate sampling of transactions. C. Audit is what creates the demand for an audit. D. Audit risk is the risk that a "clean" opinion will be issued when, in reality, the financial statements are materially misstated..arrow_forwardAuditors make materiality judgments during the planning/risk assessment phase of the audit to be sure they ultimatelygather sufficient evidence during the audit to provide reasonableassurance that the financial statements are free of material misstatements.The lower the materiality threshold that an auditorhas for an account balance, the more the evidence that the auditormust collect. Auditors often use quantitative benchmarks such as 1% of total assets or 5% of net income to determine whethermisstatements materially affect the financial statements, but ultimatelyit is an auditor’s individual professional judgment as towhether a given misstatement is or is not considered material.a. What is the relationship between the level of riskiness of theclient and the level of misstatement in an account balancethat an auditor would consider material? For example,assume that Client A has weaker controls over accountsreceivable compared to Client B (therefore, Client A is riskierthan Client B).…arrow_forward
- The following are various changes in audit circumstances. Audit Circumstance The client began experiencing an increase in returns due to product changes that resulted in increased defects. You found several pricing errors in your substantive tests of transactions for sales. In performing substantive tests of transactions for cash receipts, you found that receipts were promptly recorded in customer accounts, but there were delays in depositing the receipts at the bank. The client entered into a new loan agreement with the bank. Accounts receivable are pledged as collateral for the loan. The client did not reconcile the accounts receivable subsidiary records with the accounts receivable balance in the general ledger on a regular basis. Substantive analytical procedures indicated a significant slowing in accounts receivable turnover. The client entered into sales contracts with new customers that differ from the client’s standard sales contracts. The client had a significant increase in…arrow_forwardThe audit risk model includes the four risks listed below. Match the type of risk with the related definition.A. Detection riskB. Control riskC. Inherent riskD. Audit risk___ 1. The probability that an auditor will give an inappropriate opinion on financial statements.___ 2. The probability that audit procedures will fail to produce evidence of material misstatements.___ 3. The probability that the client's internal control policies and procedures will fail to detect material misstatements if they have entered the accounting system.___ 4. The probability that material misstatements have occurred in transactions entering the accounting system.arrow_forwardCourse: Auditing You are the audit partner of ‘Power Auditors’ and you are auditing your client ‘Freefall Incorporated’. After finishing all the tests on the client’s financial information you determine that there is a material misstatement in the accounts receivable account of your client. This misstatementhas also caused the sales revenue account to be materially misstated. You have notified the client about the misstatement but as of reporting date, client has not made any corrections. You also found misstatements in the fixed assets and accounts payable accounts, but they are not material as per your assessment. You found no other misstatements in the otheraccounts. In addition to this, you also notice that the client has a large amount of debt which will be due next year. As the business has suffered a loss this year and does not have enough cash low at the end of the year to pay the debt next year, the client will need to secure some form of refinancing next year. Without this…arrow_forward
- Auditing: A Risk Based-Approach (MindTap Course L...AccountingISBN:9781337619455Author:Karla M Johnstone, Audrey A. Gramling, Larry E. RittenbergPublisher:Cengage LearningAuditing: A Risk Based-Approach to Conducting a Q...AccountingISBN:9781305080577Author:Karla M Johnstone, Audrey A. Gramling, Larry E. RittenbergPublisher:South-Western College Pub