What CRISPR is and how it is used to edit genes. Introduction: CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, referring to the way DNA was originally organized in some viruses.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 1SA

Summary Introduction

To review:

What CRISPR is and how it is used to edit genes.

Introduction:

CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, referring to the way DNA was originally organized in some viruses.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Bacteria regularly incorporate bits of viral DNA into their own circular DNA. This way, when a viral particle infects them and injects its DNA, the bacteria produce RNA strands that are complementary to the viral DNA, which will bind to the viral DNA. The bacteria then use the enzyme Cas9 to cut the DNA bound by the RNA strands into fragments.

Taking inspiration from this immune mechanism of bacteria -

The CRISPR technology makes use of a synthetic RNA guide molecule which can bind to the target DNA in a cell.
The Cas9 enzyme (guided by the RNA molecule) is used to cut the DNA that has been bound by the RNA.
A new gene can be inserted into this position to alter the cell in as needed.
A plasmid carrying the DNA for the synthesis of the RNA guide and the Cas9 enzyme can be inserted into target cell for the whole process to occur.

This technology results in more precise editing of the gene.

Conclusion

CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, which refers to a type of DNA organization in viruses. This technique takes inspiration from this immune mechanism of bacteria, where the bacterial cell uses an RNA molecule to guide enzymes to cut invading DNA molecules.

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Question #3: In the KeyGene paper, the authors state that it would be useful if pollen from an apomict would transmit apomixis-inducing genes to the female in the cross (assuming the pollen is viable). Assuming there was just one gene conferring gametophytic obligate apomixis, and that the two parents are inbreds, what would be the consequences of such a cross if: a) The apomixis was a dominant trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the parental cross. b) The apomixis was a recessive trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the…

Question #5: Assume that two genes are identified that confer gametophytic facultative apomixis in soybean. The genes show independent assortment. Recessive alleles at both loci are required for the facultative apomixis. Facultative apomixis is triggered when the temperature at pollination is above 20 degrees C. At temperatures below 20 degrees C, all reproduction is sexual, independent of genotype. A facultative apomict male, capable of producing viable pollen, was crossed with a sexually reproducing female. Assuming the parents are completely inbred, what are the predicted phenotypic ratios (apomict: non-apomict) for the F1, F2, and DH (F1-derived) generations at each of the following temperatures*: a) 15°C? b) 25°C? *for full credit, show crosses and genotypes where appropriate. Remember to position the female first (left side) in the cross. Type your answer here:

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 1SA

Summary Introduction

To review:

What CRISPR is and how it is used to edit genes.

Introduction:

CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, referring to the way DNA was originally organized in some viruses.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Bacteria regularly incorporate bits of viral DNA into their own circular DNA. This way, when a viral particle infects them and injects its DNA, the bacteria produce RNA strands that are complementary to the viral DNA, which will bind to the viral DNA. The bacteria then use the enzyme Cas9 to cut the DNA bound by the RNA strands into fragments.

Taking inspiration from this immune mechanism of bacteria -

The CRISPR technology makes use of a synthetic RNA guide molecule which can bind to the target DNA in a cell.
The Cas9 enzyme (guided by the RNA molecule) is used to cut the DNA that has been bound by the RNA.
A new gene can be inserted into this position to alter the cell in as needed.
A plasmid carrying the DNA for the synthesis of the RNA guide and the Cas9 enzyme can be inserted into target cell for the whole process to occur.

This technology results in more precise editing of the gene.

Conclusion

CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, which refers to a type of DNA organization in viruses. This technique takes inspiration from this immune mechanism of bacteria, where the bacterial cell uses an RNA molecule to guide enzymes to cut invading DNA molecules.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 1SA

Summary Introduction

To review:

What CRISPR is and how it is used to edit genes.

Introduction:

CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, referring to the way DNA was originally organized in some viruses.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Bacteria regularly incorporate bits of viral DNA into their own circular DNA. This way, when a viral particle infects them and injects its DNA, the bacteria produce RNA strands that are complementary to the viral DNA, which will bind to the viral DNA. The bacteria then use the enzyme Cas9 to cut the DNA bound by the RNA strands into fragments.

Taking inspiration from this immune mechanism of bacteria -

The CRISPR technology makes use of a synthetic RNA guide molecule which can bind to the target DNA in a cell.
The Cas9 enzyme (guided by the RNA molecule) is used to cut the DNA that has been bound by the RNA.
A new gene can be inserted into this position to alter the cell in as needed.
A plasmid carrying the DNA for the synthesis of the RNA guide and the Cas9 enzyme can be inserted into target cell for the whole process to occur.

This technology results in more precise editing of the gene.

Conclusion

CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, which refers to a type of DNA organization in viruses. This technique takes inspiration from this immune mechanism of bacteria, where the bacterial cell uses an RNA molecule to guide enzymes to cut invading DNA molecules.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 1SA

Summary Introduction

To review:

What CRISPR is and how it is used to edit genes.

Introduction:

CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, referring to the way DNA was originally organized in some viruses.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Bacteria regularly incorporate bits of viral DNA into their own circular DNA. This way, when a viral particle infects them and injects its DNA, the bacteria produce RNA strands that are complementary to the viral DNA, which will bind to the viral DNA. The bacteria then use the enzyme Cas9 to cut the DNA bound by the RNA strands into fragments.

Taking inspiration from this immune mechanism of bacteria -

The CRISPR technology makes use of a synthetic RNA guide molecule which can bind to the target DNA in a cell.
The Cas9 enzyme (guided by the RNA molecule) is used to cut the DNA that has been bound by the RNA.
A new gene can be inserted into this position to alter the cell in as needed.
A plasmid carrying the DNA for the synthesis of the RNA guide and the Cas9 enzyme can be inserted into target cell for the whole process to occur.

This technology results in more precise editing of the gene.

Conclusion

CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, which refers to a type of DNA organization in viruses. This technique takes inspiration from this immune mechanism of bacteria, where the bacterial cell uses an RNA molecule to guide enzymes to cut invading DNA molecules.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 7, Problem 1SA

Summary Introduction

To review:

What CRISPR is and how it is used to edit genes.

Introduction:

CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, referring to the way DNA was originally organized in some viruses.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Bacteria regularly incorporate bits of viral DNA into their own circular DNA. This way, when a viral particle infects them and injects its DNA, the bacteria produce RNA strands that are complementary to the viral DNA, which will bind to the viral DNA. The bacteria then use the enzyme Cas9 to cut the DNA bound by the RNA strands into fragments.

Taking inspiration from this immune mechanism of bacteria -

The CRISPR technology makes use of a synthetic RNA guide molecule which can bind to the target DNA in a cell.
The Cas9 enzyme (guided by the RNA molecule) is used to cut the DNA that has been bound by the RNA.
A new gene can be inserted into this position to alter the cell in as needed.
A plasmid carrying the DNA for the synthesis of the RNA guide and the Cas9 enzyme can be inserted into target cell for the whole process to occur.

This technology results in more precise editing of the gene.

Conclusion

CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, which refers to a type of DNA organization in viruses. This technique takes inspiration from this immune mechanism of bacteria, where the bacterial cell uses an RNA molecule to guide enzymes to cut invading DNA molecules.

Answer 6

Chapter 7, Problem 1SA

Summary Introduction

To review:

What CRISPR is and how it is used to edit genes.

Introduction:

CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, referring to the way DNA was originally organized in some viruses.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Bacteria regularly incorporate bits of viral DNA into their own circular DNA. This way, when a viral particle infects them and injects its DNA, the bacteria produce RNA strands that are complementary to the viral DNA, which will bind to the viral DNA. The bacteria then use the enzyme Cas9 to cut the DNA bound by the RNA strands into fragments.

Taking inspiration from this immune mechanism of bacteria -

The CRISPR technology makes use of a synthetic RNA guide molecule which can bind to the target DNA in a cell.
The Cas9 enzyme (guided by the RNA molecule) is used to cut the DNA that has been bound by the RNA.
A new gene can be inserted into this position to alter the cell in as needed.
A plasmid carrying the DNA for the synthesis of the RNA guide and the Cas9 enzyme can be inserted into target cell for the whole process to occur.

This technology results in more precise editing of the gene.

Conclusion

CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, which refers to a type of DNA organization in viruses. This technique takes inspiration from this immune mechanism of bacteria, where the bacterial cell uses an RNA molecule to guide enzymes to cut invading DNA molecules.

Answer 7

Chapter 7, Problem 1SA

Summary Introduction

To review:

What CRISPR is and how it is used to edit genes.

Introduction:

CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, referring to the way DNA was originally organized in some viruses.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Bacteria regularly incorporate bits of viral DNA into their own circular DNA. This way, when a viral particle infects them and injects its DNA, the bacteria produce RNA strands that are complementary to the viral DNA, which will bind to the viral DNA. The bacteria then use the enzyme Cas9 to cut the DNA bound by the RNA strands into fragments.

Taking inspiration from this immune mechanism of bacteria -

The CRISPR technology makes use of a synthetic RNA guide molecule which can bind to the target DNA in a cell.
The Cas9 enzyme (guided by the RNA molecule) is used to cut the DNA that has been bound by the RNA.
A new gene can be inserted into this position to alter the cell in as needed.
A plasmid carrying the DNA for the synthesis of the RNA guide and the Cas9 enzyme can be inserted into target cell for the whole process to occur.

This technology results in more precise editing of the gene.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Conclusion

CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, which refers to a type of DNA organization in viruses. This technique takes inspiration from this immune mechanism of bacteria, where the bacterial cell uses an RNA molecule to guide enzymes to cut invading DNA molecules.

Answer 12

Ch. 7 - Prob. 1SA Ch. 7 - Prob. 2SA Ch. 7 - Prob. 3SA Ch. 7 - Prob. 4SA Ch. 7 - Prob. 5SA Ch. 7 - Prob. 6SA Ch. 7 - Prob. 7SA Ch. 7 - Prob. 8SA Ch. 7 - Prob. 1MC Ch. 7 - Prob. 2MC

What CRISPR is and how it is used to edit genes. Introduction: CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, referring to the way DNA was originally organized in some viruses.

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To review:

What CRISPR is and how it is used to edit genes.

Introduction:

CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, referring to the way DNA was originally organized in some viruses.

Explanation of Solution

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Chapter 7 Solutions

What CRISPR is and how it is used to edit genes. Introduction: CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, referring to the way DNA was originally organized in some viruses.

Concept explainers

Videos

To review: What CRISPR is and how it is used to edit genes. Introduction: CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, referring to the way DNA was originally organized in some viruses.

Explanation of Solution

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Chapter 7 Solutions

To review:

What CRISPR is and how it is used to edit genes.

Introduction:

CRISPR stands for “clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats”, referring to the way DNA was originally organized in some viruses.