Whether the word ‘dogma’ is appropriate in reference to “central dogma” which means flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein. Introduction : The genetic information is used to form a functional product in the form of proteins and is known as gene expression. Information flows in direction from DNA to RNA (transcription) and then RNA to proteins (translation). This is referred as central dogma of molecular biology.

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Answer 1

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Chapter 7, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To evaluate: Whether the word ‘dogma’ is appropriate in reference to “central dogma” which means flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Introduction: The genetic information is used to form a functional product in the form of proteins and is known as gene expression. Information flows in direction from DNA to RNA (transcription) and then RNA to proteins (translation). This is referred as central dogma of molecular biology.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The term ‘dogma’ generally refers to the principles laid by an authority or a belief that cannot be doubted. The flow of genetic information from DNA to proteins is one of the fundamental principles in molecular biology. The ‘central dogma’ is essential as it gives a framework on how the genetic information flows to form a functional protein product in cells. It was proposed by Francis Crick in year 1958 and he himself explained why he coined this term (What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific discovery, Basic Books, 1988). There was little direct experimental support at that time. He stated that he used the term ‘central dogma’ because it was based on the powerful assumption that genetic information is encoded by DNA nucleotide base sequences. So, the usage of dogma in reference to central dogma may be considered as appropriate.

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Question #3: In the KeyGene paper, the authors state that it would be useful if pollen from an apomict would transmit apomixis-inducing genes to the female in the cross (assuming the pollen is viable). Assuming there was just one gene conferring gametophytic obligate apomixis, and that the two parents are inbreds, what would be the consequences of such a cross if: a) The apomixis was a dominant trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the parental cross. b) The apomixis was a recessive trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the…

Question #5: Assume that two genes are identified that confer gametophytic facultative apomixis in soybean. The genes show independent assortment. Recessive alleles at both loci are required for the facultative apomixis. Facultative apomixis is triggered when the temperature at pollination is above 20 degrees C. At temperatures below 20 degrees C, all reproduction is sexual, independent of genotype. A facultative apomict male, capable of producing viable pollen, was crossed with a sexually reproducing female. Assuming the parents are completely inbred, what are the predicted phenotypic ratios (apomict: non-apomict) for the F1, F2, and DH (F1-derived) generations at each of the following temperatures*: a) 15°C? b) 25°C? *for full credit, show crosses and genotypes where appropriate. Remember to position the female first (left side) in the cross. Type your answer here:

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To evaluate: Whether the word ‘dogma’ is appropriate in reference to “central dogma” which means flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Introduction: The genetic information is used to form a functional product in the form of proteins and is known as gene expression. Information flows in direction from DNA to RNA (transcription) and then RNA to proteins (translation). This is referred as central dogma of molecular biology.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The term ‘dogma’ generally refers to the principles laid by an authority or a belief that cannot be doubted. The flow of genetic information from DNA to proteins is one of the fundamental principles in molecular biology. The ‘central dogma’ is essential as it gives a framework on how the genetic information flows to form a functional protein product in cells. It was proposed by Francis Crick in year 1958 and he himself explained why he coined this term (What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific discovery, Basic Books, 1988). There was little direct experimental support at that time. He stated that he used the term ‘central dogma’ because it was based on the powerful assumption that genetic information is encoded by DNA nucleotide base sequences. So, the usage of dogma in reference to central dogma may be considered as appropriate.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To evaluate: Whether the word ‘dogma’ is appropriate in reference to “central dogma” which means flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Introduction: The genetic information is used to form a functional product in the form of proteins and is known as gene expression. Information flows in direction from DNA to RNA (transcription) and then RNA to proteins (translation). This is referred as central dogma of molecular biology.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The term ‘dogma’ generally refers to the principles laid by an authority or a belief that cannot be doubted. The flow of genetic information from DNA to proteins is one of the fundamental principles in molecular biology. The ‘central dogma’ is essential as it gives a framework on how the genetic information flows to form a functional protein product in cells. It was proposed by Francis Crick in year 1958 and he himself explained why he coined this term (What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific discovery, Basic Books, 1988). There was little direct experimental support at that time. He stated that he used the term ‘central dogma’ because it was based on the powerful assumption that genetic information is encoded by DNA nucleotide base sequences. So, the usage of dogma in reference to central dogma may be considered as appropriate.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To evaluate: Whether the word ‘dogma’ is appropriate in reference to “central dogma” which means flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Introduction: The genetic information is used to form a functional product in the form of proteins and is known as gene expression. Information flows in direction from DNA to RNA (transcription) and then RNA to proteins (translation). This is referred as central dogma of molecular biology.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The term ‘dogma’ generally refers to the principles laid by an authority or a belief that cannot be doubted. The flow of genetic information from DNA to proteins is one of the fundamental principles in molecular biology. The ‘central dogma’ is essential as it gives a framework on how the genetic information flows to form a functional protein product in cells. It was proposed by Francis Crick in year 1958 and he himself explained why he coined this term (What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific discovery, Basic Books, 1988). There was little direct experimental support at that time. He stated that he used the term ‘central dogma’ because it was based on the powerful assumption that genetic information is encoded by DNA nucleotide base sequences. So, the usage of dogma in reference to central dogma may be considered as appropriate.

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Answer 5

Chapter 7, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To evaluate: Whether the word ‘dogma’ is appropriate in reference to “central dogma” which means flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Introduction: The genetic information is used to form a functional product in the form of proteins and is known as gene expression. Information flows in direction from DNA to RNA (transcription) and then RNA to proteins (translation). This is referred as central dogma of molecular biology.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The term ‘dogma’ generally refers to the principles laid by an authority or a belief that cannot be doubted. The flow of genetic information from DNA to proteins is one of the fundamental principles in molecular biology. The ‘central dogma’ is essential as it gives a framework on how the genetic information flows to form a functional protein product in cells. It was proposed by Francis Crick in year 1958 and he himself explained why he coined this term (What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific discovery, Basic Books, 1988). There was little direct experimental support at that time. He stated that he used the term ‘central dogma’ because it was based on the powerful assumption that genetic information is encoded by DNA nucleotide base sequences. So, the usage of dogma in reference to central dogma may be considered as appropriate.

Answer 6

Chapter 7, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To evaluate: Whether the word ‘dogma’ is appropriate in reference to “central dogma” which means flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Introduction: The genetic information is used to form a functional product in the form of proteins and is known as gene expression. Information flows in direction from DNA to RNA (transcription) and then RNA to proteins (translation). This is referred as central dogma of molecular biology.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The term ‘dogma’ generally refers to the principles laid by an authority or a belief that cannot be doubted. The flow of genetic information from DNA to proteins is one of the fundamental principles in molecular biology. The ‘central dogma’ is essential as it gives a framework on how the genetic information flows to form a functional protein product in cells. It was proposed by Francis Crick in year 1958 and he himself explained why he coined this term (What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific discovery, Basic Books, 1988). There was little direct experimental support at that time. He stated that he used the term ‘central dogma’ because it was based on the powerful assumption that genetic information is encoded by DNA nucleotide base sequences. So, the usage of dogma in reference to central dogma may be considered as appropriate.

Answer 7

Chapter 7, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To evaluate: Whether the word ‘dogma’ is appropriate in reference to “central dogma” which means flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Introduction: The genetic information is used to form a functional product in the form of proteins and is known as gene expression. Information flows in direction from DNA to RNA (transcription) and then RNA to proteins (translation). This is referred as central dogma of molecular biology.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The term ‘dogma’ generally refers to the principles laid by an authority or a belief that cannot be doubted. The flow of genetic information from DNA to proteins is one of the fundamental principles in molecular biology. The ‘central dogma’ is essential as it gives a framework on how the genetic information flows to form a functional protein product in cells. It was proposed by Francis Crick in year 1958 and he himself explained why he coined this term (What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific discovery, Basic Books, 1988). There was little direct experimental support at that time. He stated that he used the term ‘central dogma’ because it was based on the powerful assumption that genetic information is encoded by DNA nucleotide base sequences. So, the usage of dogma in reference to central dogma may be considered as appropriate.