Concepts of Biology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168116
Author: Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Chapter 7, Problem 10RQ
Abnormalities in the number of X chromosomes tend to be milder than the same abnormalities in autosomes because of _______.
a. deletions
b. nonbomologous recombinat ion
c. synapsis
d. X inactivation
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Concepts of Biology
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- The characteristic “X” shape of chromosomes is _____. a. a result of maximum compaction of the chromosome b. due to the wrapping of DNA around histones c. only evident during cell division d. indicative of a cell that is no longer dividing e. only found in the female sex chromosomearrow_forwardOccasionally, a mouse X chromosome is broken into two pieces and each piece becomes attached to a different autosome. A scientist studies this cell, and finds that the genes on only one of the two pieces undergo inactivation. By referring to the mechanism of X-chromosome inactivation, explain the observation made by the scientist.arrow_forwardWhy are individuals with an extra chromosome 21, that causes Down syndrome, more numerous than individuals with an extrachromosome 3 or chromosome 16? A.] There are probably more genes on chromosome 21 than on the others B.] Chromosome 21 is a sex chromosome and chromosomes 3 and 16 are not C.] Down syndrome is not more common, just more serious D.] Extra copies of the other chromosomes are probably fatalarrow_forward
- The human X and Y chromosomes a. are about the same size and have approximately the same number of genes b. include genes that determine an individual's sex c. are almost entirely homologous, despite their different names d. are both present in every somatic cell of males and females alikearrow_forwardMatch each term with its description Chromatid Chromosome + Chromatin Homologous chromosomes Sister chromatids A. "Chromosome pairs inherited from each parent. Chromosomes pairs with same shape, same size and same genes. " B. One of the two identical copies making a chromosome C. Chromatids product of DNA duplication D. Single piece of chromatin tightly packed DNA with proteins E. Loosely-packed DNA with proteinsarrow_forwardA recently discovered bird species was found to have 29 chromosomes in its somatic cells before S phase. a. How many chromosomes (2n) are present in a somatic cell during mitosis? b. How many chromosomes does a bird receive from one parent? c. How many sister chromatids are present during metaphase 2? d. Assuming this species follows the same XX/XY sex differentiation as mammals, how many sex chromosomes are in an unfertilized egg?arrow_forward
- This is a chromosomal disorder resulting from the non-disjunction of chromosome 21 during anaphase that gives an extra copy of the chromosome to the person who has inherited it.arrow_forwardsperm of Panthera leo contains 19 chromosomes, which of the following is/are true about somatic cells? a. Panthera leo normally has 38 chromosomes in its body cells b. The Panthera leo cells normally contain 38 homologous chromosome pairs c. There are 38 sister chromatids per cell in G2 phase d. There are 76 sister chromatids per cell in G2 phase e. The somatic cell contains 38 sister chromatidsarrow_forwardA person with cancer walks into the classroom. As a biology class, we ask if we can examine some of the cancerous cells and find that many of these cancerous cells have an extra chromosome 10 (trisomy) leading to more cyclin for forming the MPF being made, leading to uncontrollable cell division (i.e. tumor and progression to cancer). What would cause extra chromosomes in cells (be it somatic or gametic cells)? Select one: a. None of these choices are linked to how sister chromatids separate and would lead to extra chromosomes in daughter cells of cell division. b. APC not functioning correctly to add ubiquitin to the cohesins, thus sister chromatids do not split correctly during cell division c. MPF itself would cause more chromosome replication d. APC is overly functioning adding cohesins to the sister chromatidsarrow_forward
- Which of the following best explains why chromosomes 13, 18 and 21 are the only autosomes that are viable as trisomies. (Check all that apply) A. these chromosomes are randomly inactivated when there are more than one copy in the nucleus B. the genes on these chromosomes are not expressed C.these chromosomes are vestigial D. these chromosomes contain relatively few genes, such that fewer cellular processes are impacted in trisomic individuals E. none of the above, there are no viable trisomies in humansarrow_forwardIn which of the following is genetic material moved betweennonhomologous chromosomes?a. insertion d. translocationb. nondisjunction e. inversionc. deletionarrow_forwardChiasmatic interference is caused by: A. An artifact caused by the Chi square distribution. B. Genes physically being distant but on the same chromosome. C. Some genes are naturally more charismatic than others. D. Epistasis combined with suppression. E. The size of the synaptonemal complexarrow_forward
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