The role of enzymes in chemical reactions in cell and their three characteristics. Introduction: Enzymes are chemical catalyst which accelerate a chemical reaction in a cell. The catalyst is a chemical substance or protein that causes increase in the rate of reaction without being affected in small time.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 6.5, Problem 11SAQ

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The role of enzymes in chemical reactions in cell and their three characteristics.

Introduction:

Enzymes are chemical catalyst which accelerate a chemical reaction in a cell. The catalyst is a chemical substance or protein that causes increase in the rate of reaction without being affected in small time.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Enzymes accelerate a chemical reaction by increasing the reaction rate and decreasing the activation energy. Reaction rate of a chemical reaction is needed for the formation of product, which is influenced by enzymes. It speeds up the chemical reaction.

All the chemical reactions need an input of energy for processing which is termed as activation energy (EA) . It is the input of energy which is required to reach a transition state during a chemical reaction. It results in increase in speed of a reaction, formation of products and release of energy into the surroundings. It does not change free energy but it changes the way of the reaction. The starting and the end point of the reaction remain same.

There are various characteristics of enzymes. Three of them are as follows:

i. In a chemical reaction, enzyme causes the formation of a complex that contains reactants and products. The substrate (S) is a reactant in a reaction that is catalyzed by an enzyme (E). It is further converted into product (P) of the reaction.
ii. The enzymes that catalyze the rate of reaction of a chemical reaction are highly specific. Enzymes are specific for both substrate and product of a chemical reaction.
iii. The activity of enzyme in a reaction can be influenced by activators and inhibitors. The activator causes increase in the activity of an enzyme, while inhibitor decreases the activity of an enzyme in a chemical reaction.

Conclusion

The enzymes are intermediate molecules that permit the chemical reaction to occur in a cell.

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7. Aerobic respiration of a protein that breaks down into 12 molecules of malic acid. Assume there is no other carbon source and no acetyl-CoA. NADH FADH2 OP ATP SLP ATP Total ATP Show your work using dimensional analysis here: 3

For each of the following problems calculate the following: (Week 6-3 Video with 6-1 and 6-2) Consult the total catabolic pathways on the last page as a reference for the following questions. A. How much NADH and FADH2 is produced and fed into the electron transport chain (If any)? B. How much ATP is made from oxidative phosphorylation (OP), if any? Feed the NADH and FADH2 into the electron transport chain: 3ATP/NADH, 2ATP/FADH2 C. How much ATP is made by substrate level phosphorylation (SLP)? D. How much total ATP is made? Add the SLP and OP together. 1. Aerobic respiration using 0.5 mole of glucose? NADH FADH2 OP ATP SLP ATP Total ATP Show your work using dimensional analysis here:

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 6.5, Problem 11SAQ

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The role of enzymes in chemical reactions in cell and their three characteristics.

Introduction:

Enzymes are chemical catalyst which accelerate a chemical reaction in a cell. The catalyst is a chemical substance or protein that causes increase in the rate of reaction without being affected in small time.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Enzymes accelerate a chemical reaction by increasing the reaction rate and decreasing the activation energy. Reaction rate of a chemical reaction is needed for the formation of product, which is influenced by enzymes. It speeds up the chemical reaction.

All the chemical reactions need an input of energy for processing which is termed as activation energy (EA) . It is the input of energy which is required to reach a transition state during a chemical reaction. It results in increase in speed of a reaction, formation of products and release of energy into the surroundings. It does not change free energy but it changes the way of the reaction. The starting and the end point of the reaction remain same.

There are various characteristics of enzymes. Three of them are as follows:

i. In a chemical reaction, enzyme causes the formation of a complex that contains reactants and products. The substrate (S) is a reactant in a reaction that is catalyzed by an enzyme (E). It is further converted into product (P) of the reaction.
ii. The enzymes that catalyze the rate of reaction of a chemical reaction are highly specific. Enzymes are specific for both substrate and product of a chemical reaction.
iii. The activity of enzyme in a reaction can be influenced by activators and inhibitors. The activator causes increase in the activity of an enzyme, while inhibitor decreases the activity of an enzyme in a chemical reaction.

Conclusion

The enzymes are intermediate molecules that permit the chemical reaction to occur in a cell.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 6.5, Problem 11SAQ

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The role of enzymes in chemical reactions in cell and their three characteristics.

Introduction:

Enzymes are chemical catalyst which accelerate a chemical reaction in a cell. The catalyst is a chemical substance or protein that causes increase in the rate of reaction without being affected in small time.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Enzymes accelerate a chemical reaction by increasing the reaction rate and decreasing the activation energy. Reaction rate of a chemical reaction is needed for the formation of product, which is influenced by enzymes. It speeds up the chemical reaction.

All the chemical reactions need an input of energy for processing which is termed as activation energy (EA) . It is the input of energy which is required to reach a transition state during a chemical reaction. It results in increase in speed of a reaction, formation of products and release of energy into the surroundings. It does not change free energy but it changes the way of the reaction. The starting and the end point of the reaction remain same.

There are various characteristics of enzymes. Three of them are as follows:

i. In a chemical reaction, enzyme causes the formation of a complex that contains reactants and products. The substrate (S) is a reactant in a reaction that is catalyzed by an enzyme (E). It is further converted into product (P) of the reaction.
ii. The enzymes that catalyze the rate of reaction of a chemical reaction are highly specific. Enzymes are specific for both substrate and product of a chemical reaction.
iii. The activity of enzyme in a reaction can be influenced by activators and inhibitors. The activator causes increase in the activity of an enzyme, while inhibitor decreases the activity of an enzyme in a chemical reaction.

Conclusion

The enzymes are intermediate molecules that permit the chemical reaction to occur in a cell.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 6.5, Problem 11SAQ

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The role of enzymes in chemical reactions in cell and their three characteristics.

Introduction:

Enzymes are chemical catalyst which accelerate a chemical reaction in a cell. The catalyst is a chemical substance or protein that causes increase in the rate of reaction without being affected in small time.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Enzymes accelerate a chemical reaction by increasing the reaction rate and decreasing the activation energy. Reaction rate of a chemical reaction is needed for the formation of product, which is influenced by enzymes. It speeds up the chemical reaction.

All the chemical reactions need an input of energy for processing which is termed as activation energy (EA) . It is the input of energy which is required to reach a transition state during a chemical reaction. It results in increase in speed of a reaction, formation of products and release of energy into the surroundings. It does not change free energy but it changes the way of the reaction. The starting and the end point of the reaction remain same.

There are various characteristics of enzymes. Three of them are as follows:

i. In a chemical reaction, enzyme causes the formation of a complex that contains reactants and products. The substrate (S) is a reactant in a reaction that is catalyzed by an enzyme (E). It is further converted into product (P) of the reaction.
ii. The enzymes that catalyze the rate of reaction of a chemical reaction are highly specific. Enzymes are specific for both substrate and product of a chemical reaction.
iii. The activity of enzyme in a reaction can be influenced by activators and inhibitors. The activator causes increase in the activity of an enzyme, while inhibitor decreases the activity of an enzyme in a chemical reaction.

Conclusion

The enzymes are intermediate molecules that permit the chemical reaction to occur in a cell.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 6.5, Problem 11SAQ

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The role of enzymes in chemical reactions in cell and their three characteristics.

Introduction:

Enzymes are chemical catalyst which accelerate a chemical reaction in a cell. The catalyst is a chemical substance or protein that causes increase in the rate of reaction without being affected in small time.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Enzymes accelerate a chemical reaction by increasing the reaction rate and decreasing the activation energy. Reaction rate of a chemical reaction is needed for the formation of product, which is influenced by enzymes. It speeds up the chemical reaction.

All the chemical reactions need an input of energy for processing which is termed as activation energy (EA) . It is the input of energy which is required to reach a transition state during a chemical reaction. It results in increase in speed of a reaction, formation of products and release of energy into the surroundings. It does not change free energy but it changes the way of the reaction. The starting and the end point of the reaction remain same.

There are various characteristics of enzymes. Three of them are as follows:

i. In a chemical reaction, enzyme causes the formation of a complex that contains reactants and products. The substrate (S) is a reactant in a reaction that is catalyzed by an enzyme (E). It is further converted into product (P) of the reaction.
ii. The enzymes that catalyze the rate of reaction of a chemical reaction are highly specific. Enzymes are specific for both substrate and product of a chemical reaction.
iii. The activity of enzyme in a reaction can be influenced by activators and inhibitors. The activator causes increase in the activity of an enzyme, while inhibitor decreases the activity of an enzyme in a chemical reaction.

Conclusion

The enzymes are intermediate molecules that permit the chemical reaction to occur in a cell.

Answer 6

Chapter 6.5, Problem 11SAQ

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The role of enzymes in chemical reactions in cell and their three characteristics.

Introduction:

Enzymes are chemical catalyst which accelerate a chemical reaction in a cell. The catalyst is a chemical substance or protein that causes increase in the rate of reaction without being affected in small time.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Enzymes accelerate a chemical reaction by increasing the reaction rate and decreasing the activation energy. Reaction rate of a chemical reaction is needed for the formation of product, which is influenced by enzymes. It speeds up the chemical reaction.

All the chemical reactions need an input of energy for processing which is termed as activation energy (EA) . It is the input of energy which is required to reach a transition state during a chemical reaction. It results in increase in speed of a reaction, formation of products and release of energy into the surroundings. It does not change free energy but it changes the way of the reaction. The starting and the end point of the reaction remain same.

There are various characteristics of enzymes. Three of them are as follows:

i. In a chemical reaction, enzyme causes the formation of a complex that contains reactants and products. The substrate (S) is a reactant in a reaction that is catalyzed by an enzyme (E). It is further converted into product (P) of the reaction.
ii. The enzymes that catalyze the rate of reaction of a chemical reaction are highly specific. Enzymes are specific for both substrate and product of a chemical reaction.
iii. The activity of enzyme in a reaction can be influenced by activators and inhibitors. The activator causes increase in the activity of an enzyme, while inhibitor decreases the activity of an enzyme in a chemical reaction.

Conclusion

The enzymes are intermediate molecules that permit the chemical reaction to occur in a cell.

Answer 7

Chapter 6.5, Problem 11SAQ

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The role of enzymes in chemical reactions in cell and their three characteristics.

Introduction:

Enzymes are chemical catalyst which accelerate a chemical reaction in a cell. The catalyst is a chemical substance or protein that causes increase in the rate of reaction without being affected in small time.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Enzymes accelerate a chemical reaction by increasing the reaction rate and decreasing the activation energy. Reaction rate of a chemical reaction is needed for the formation of product, which is influenced by enzymes. It speeds up the chemical reaction.

All the chemical reactions need an input of energy for processing which is termed as activation energy (EA) . It is the input of energy which is required to reach a transition state during a chemical reaction. It results in increase in speed of a reaction, formation of products and release of energy into the surroundings. It does not change free energy but it changes the way of the reaction. The starting and the end point of the reaction remain same.

There are various characteristics of enzymes. Three of them are as follows:

i. In a chemical reaction, enzyme causes the formation of a complex that contains reactants and products. The substrate (S) is a reactant in a reaction that is catalyzed by an enzyme (E). It is further converted into product (P) of the reaction.
ii. The enzymes that catalyze the rate of reaction of a chemical reaction are highly specific. Enzymes are specific for both substrate and product of a chemical reaction.
iii. The activity of enzyme in a reaction can be influenced by activators and inhibitors. The activator causes increase in the activity of an enzyme, while inhibitor decreases the activity of an enzyme in a chemical reaction.