Explanation The periodic table is used to identify the element using the atomic number concept. Its valance electrons are used to find out the nearest noble gas configuration. Cations and anions are formed by lose or gain of electrons to acquire nearest stable noble gas configuration. The formula of compound is formed by crisscross method in such a way that the resultant compound is neutral. For this, charge of one atom will become number of another atom and vice versa. (a) Electrons arrangement given are: 2,8,2 and 2,5 Step 1: Finding elements from the given electron arrangement. Here, 2,8,2 gives an atomic number 2 + 8 + 2 = 12 which corresponds to the element magnesium (Mg). Similarly, 2,5 gives an atomic number of 2 + 5 = 7 which corresponds to the element nitrogen (N). Step 2: Generation of cations and anions from the atoms of elements: Mg (12) ;2,8,2 can easily donate 2 electrons to form nearest noble gas configuration, Ne (10) as 2,8. Hence, the cation will be formed by magnesium atom as follows: Mg → Mg + 2 + 2 e − Similarly, N (7); 2,5 can better accept 3 electrons to form nearest noble gas configuration of Ne (10) as 2,8. Hence, the anion will be formed by nitrogen is as follows: N + 3 e − → N 3 − Step 3: Compound formed by Mg 2 + and N 3 − ions: The charge of magnesium ion is +2 and that nitrogen atom is -3 thus, by crisscross method, the compound formed will be Mg 3 N 2 . Here, Mg 2 + is magnesium ion and N 3 − is nitride ion thus, name of the compound will be magnesium nitride. (b) Given electron arrangements are: 2,8,8,1 and 2,6 Step 1: Finding elements from the given electron arrangement. Here, 2,8,8,1 gives an atomic number of 2 + 8 + 8 + 1 = 19 which corresponds to the element potassium (K). Similarly, 2,6 gives an atomic number of 2 + 6 = 8 which corresponds to the element oxygen (O). Step 2: Generation of cations and anions of the elements: K (19);2,8,8,1 can easily donate 1 electron to form nearest noble gas configuration of Ar (18) as 2,8,8. Hence, the cation will be formed by potassium atom as follows: K → K + + e − O (8) ;2,6 can better accept 2 electrons to form nearest noble gas configuration of Ne (10) as 2,8

Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Books a la Carte Edition (13th Edition)

13th Edition

ISBN: 9780134554631

Author: Karen C. Timberlake

Publisher: PEARSON

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Chapter 6, Problem 6.99UTC

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To determine: The given anion, cation, compound and its name from given data:

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Chapter 6, Problem 6.98UTC

Chapter 6, Problem 6.100UTC

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Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Books a la Carte Edition (13th Edition)

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