
Concept explainers
(a)
To determine: of the 5 elements
(a)

Explanation of Solution
Atomic radius is the distance between center of nucleus and outermost electron shell.
Atomic radius decreases from left to right in a period and increases from top to bottom in a group of periodic table.
S and Se both belong to some group
S belongs to third period while Se belongs to fourth period. So, Se is larger than S.
S and Cl both belong to third period. S belongs to group
Hence, S has larger size than Cl.
On combining equation
Therefore, Se has the largest atomic radius.
(b)
To determine: the larger radius
(b)

Explanation of Solution
Electronic configuration of Br is
So, electronic configuration of
Therefore, the largest radius among
(c)
To determine: Which should have the largest difference between the first and second ionization energy,
(c)

Explanation of Solution
Ionization energy
Now, electronic configuration of
After first ionization, electronic configuration of
Among all of these electronic configuration,
Hence, it is so difficult to remove an electron from
Therefore, the largest difference between the first and second ionization energy among
(d)
To determine: the element with the largest ionization energy:
(d)

Explanation of Solution
Ionization energy decreases from top to bottom in a group.
So,
Therefore, nitrogen has the largest ionization energy.
(e)
To determine: the following which has the largest radius
(e)

Explanation of Solution
Electronic configurations of
All the three ions have same electronic configuration. Atom with largest negative charge has largest radius.
Therefore,
Atomic radius increases from top to bottom in a group and right to left in period.
Ionization energy increases from left to right and also it decreases from top to bottom in a group.
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Chapter 6 Solutions
EBK CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS,
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