The reason for the positive and negative value of heat ( q ) and work ( w ) when enters a system or leaves a system respectively is to be determined. Concept introduction: Heat ( q ) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding. Work ( w ) is the energy needed to move an object in the opposite direction of the force applied.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 6.1P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the positive and negative value of heat (q) and work (w) when enters a system or leaves a system respectively is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Heat (q) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding.

Work (w) is the energy needed to move an object in the opposite direction of the force applied.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 6.1P

Heat and work of the process are determined from the perspective of the system. Therefore in case of work done on the system and heat taken by the system the final energy is less as compared to initial and in case of work done on the system and heat taken by the system the final energy is more as compared to initial.

Explanation of Solution

The work done by the system and heat released by the system is negative because the final energy of the system, in this case, is less than the initial energy of the system.

The work done on the system and heat taken by the system is positive because the final energy of the system, in this case, is more than the initial energy of the system.

Heat and work are defined from the perspective of the system and hence it is positive when enters the system and negative when leaves the system.

Conclusion

The work done by the system and heat released by the system is negative and the work done on the system and heat taken by the system is positive.

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-AG|F=2E|V 3. Before proceeding with this problem you may want to glance at p. 466 of your textbook where various oxo-phosphorus derivatives and their oxidation states are summarized. Shown below are Latimer diagrams for phosphorus at pH values at 0 and 14: Acidic solution -0.93 +0.38 -0.51 -0.06 H3PO4 →H4P206 H3PO3 H3PO2 → P→ PH3 -0.28 -0.50 → -0.50 Basic solution 3-1.12 -1.57 -2.05 -0.89 PO HPO →→H2PO2 P PH3 -1.73 a) Under acidic conditions, H3PO4 can be reduced into H3PO3 directly (-0.28V), or via the formation and reduction of H4P2O6 (-0.93/+0.38V). Calculate the values of AG's for both processes; comment. (3 points) 0.5 PH, 0.0 -0.5- 2 3 9 3 -1.5 -2.0 Pa H,PO H,PO H,PO -3 -1 0 2 4 Oxidation state, N 2 b) Frost diagram for phosphorus under acidic conditions is shown. Identify possible disproportionation and comproportionation processes; write out chemical equations describing them. (2 points) c) Elemental phosphorus tends to disproportionate under basic conditions. Use data in…

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 6.1P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the positive and negative value of heat (q) and work (w) when enters a system or leaves a system respectively is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Heat (q) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding.

Work (w) is the energy needed to move an object in the opposite direction of the force applied.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 6.1P

Heat and work of the process are determined from the perspective of the system. Therefore in case of work done on the system and heat taken by the system the final energy is less as compared to initial and in case of work done on the system and heat taken by the system the final energy is more as compared to initial.

Explanation of Solution

The work done by the system and heat released by the system is negative because the final energy of the system, in this case, is less than the initial energy of the system.

The work done on the system and heat taken by the system is positive because the final energy of the system, in this case, is more than the initial energy of the system.

Heat and work are defined from the perspective of the system and hence it is positive when enters the system and negative when leaves the system.

Conclusion

The work done by the system and heat released by the system is negative and the work done on the system and heat taken by the system is positive.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 6.1P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the positive and negative value of heat (q) and work (w) when enters a system or leaves a system respectively is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Heat (q) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding.

Work (w) is the energy needed to move an object in the opposite direction of the force applied.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 6.1P

Heat and work of the process are determined from the perspective of the system. Therefore in case of work done on the system and heat taken by the system the final energy is less as compared to initial and in case of work done on the system and heat taken by the system the final energy is more as compared to initial.

Explanation of Solution

The work done by the system and heat released by the system is negative because the final energy of the system, in this case, is less than the initial energy of the system.

The work done on the system and heat taken by the system is positive because the final energy of the system, in this case, is more than the initial energy of the system.

Heat and work are defined from the perspective of the system and hence it is positive when enters the system and negative when leaves the system.

Conclusion

The work done by the system and heat released by the system is negative and the work done on the system and heat taken by the system is positive.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 6.1P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the positive and negative value of heat (q) and work (w) when enters a system or leaves a system respectively is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Heat (q) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding.

Work (w) is the energy needed to move an object in the opposite direction of the force applied.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 6.1P

Heat and work of the process are determined from the perspective of the system. Therefore in case of work done on the system and heat taken by the system the final energy is less as compared to initial and in case of work done on the system and heat taken by the system the final energy is more as compared to initial.

Explanation of Solution

The work done by the system and heat released by the system is negative because the final energy of the system, in this case, is less than the initial energy of the system.

The work done on the system and heat taken by the system is positive because the final energy of the system, in this case, is more than the initial energy of the system.

Heat and work are defined from the perspective of the system and hence it is positive when enters the system and negative when leaves the system.

Conclusion

The work done by the system and heat released by the system is negative and the work done on the system and heat taken by the system is positive.

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Answer 5

Chapter 6, Problem 6.1P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the positive and negative value of heat (q) and work (w) when enters a system or leaves a system respectively is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Heat (q) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding.

Work (w) is the energy needed to move an object in the opposite direction of the force applied.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 6.1P

Heat and work of the process are determined from the perspective of the system. Therefore in case of work done on the system and heat taken by the system the final energy is less as compared to initial and in case of work done on the system and heat taken by the system the final energy is more as compared to initial.

Explanation of Solution

The work done by the system and heat released by the system is negative because the final energy of the system, in this case, is less than the initial energy of the system.

The work done on the system and heat taken by the system is positive because the final energy of the system, in this case, is more than the initial energy of the system.

Heat and work are defined from the perspective of the system and hence it is positive when enters the system and negative when leaves the system.

Conclusion

The work done by the system and heat released by the system is negative and the work done on the system and heat taken by the system is positive.

Answer 6

Chapter 6, Problem 6.1P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the positive and negative value of heat (q) and work (w) when enters a system or leaves a system respectively is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Heat (q) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding.

Work (w) is the energy needed to move an object in the opposite direction of the force applied.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 6.1P

Heat and work of the process are determined from the perspective of the system. Therefore in case of work done on the system and heat taken by the system the final energy is less as compared to initial and in case of work done on the system and heat taken by the system the final energy is more as compared to initial.

Explanation of Solution

The work done by the system and heat released by the system is negative because the final energy of the system, in this case, is less than the initial energy of the system.

The work done on the system and heat taken by the system is positive because the final energy of the system, in this case, is more than the initial energy of the system.

Heat and work are defined from the perspective of the system and hence it is positive when enters the system and negative when leaves the system.

Conclusion

The work done by the system and heat released by the system is negative and the work done on the system and heat taken by the system is positive.

Answer 7

Chapter 6, Problem 6.1P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the positive and negative value of heat (q) and work (w) when enters a system or leaves a system respectively is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Heat (q) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding.

Work (w) is the energy needed to move an object in the opposite direction of the force applied.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 6.1P

Heat and work of the process are determined from the perspective of the system. Therefore in case of work done on the system and heat taken by the system the final energy is less as compared to initial and in case of work done on the system and heat taken by the system the final energy is more as compared to initial.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Explanation of Solution

The work done by the system and heat released by the system is negative because the final energy of the system, in this case, is less than the initial energy of the system.

The work done on the system and heat taken by the system is positive because the final energy of the system, in this case, is more than the initial energy of the system.

Heat and work are defined from the perspective of the system and hence it is positive when enters the system and negative when leaves the system.