Cognitive Psychology
Cognitive Psychology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781337408271
Author: Goldstein, E. Bruce.
Publisher: Cengage Learning,
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Chapter 6, Problem 6.1-2TY
Summary Introduction

Introduction

Short-term memory (STM) involves storing information for a limited period of time, while long-term memory (LTM) involves storing experiences and information for long periods of time. Coding refers to the way in which the stimulus or information is represented in the mind. This can be visual (in the form of patterns or images), auditory (in the form of sound), or semantic (in terms of its meaning).

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Any information or experience that is represented in images or patterns in short-term or long-term memory is visually coded. Visual coding in STM is demonstrated by an individual recalling a pattern they just observed, while visual coding in LTM is when an individual remembers or visualizes a familiar face or place.

Auditory coding involves information being stored in the form of sound. In STM, it is demonstrated by an individual repeating a phone number over and over again to remember it. An example of auditory coding in LTM is when a person plays a song in their head.

Lastly, semantic coding involves storing information in terms of its meaning. Semantic coding in STM is exemplified by an individual categorizing words into groups. In LTM, recalling the meaning of the lyrics of a song or the general meaning of the plot of a novel demonstrates semantic coding.

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