need help

A. The box below shows the format of a virtual address. Indicate (by labeling the diagram) the fields (if they exist) that would be used to determine the following: (If a field doesn't exist, don't draw it on the diagram.) VPO The virtual page offset VPN The virtual page number TLBI The TLB index TLBT The TLB tag 15 14 14 13 12 11 10 9876543210 B. The box below shows the format of a physical address. Indicate (by labeling the diagram) the fields that would be used to determine the following: PPO The physical page offset PPN The physical page number CO The block offset within the cache line Cl The cache index CT The cache tag 11 109876543210 12 11

A useful helper function for opening a socket connection to a server was introduced in the course: int open_clientfd(char *hostname, int port) { } int clientfd; struct hostent *hp; struct sockaddr_in serveraddr; if ((clientfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) h_addr_list[0], (char *)&serveraddr.sin_addr.s_addr, hp->h_length); serveraddr.sin_port = htons(port); /* Establish a connection with the server */ if (connect(clientfd, (SA *) &serveraddr, sizeof(serveraddr)) < 0) return -1; return clientfd; The problem with this function is that it is not thread safe: it uses function gethostbyname, which returns a pointer to a static variable. On the following page, reimplement open_clientfd in a thread safe way using the lock-and-copy technique. (Note 1: that the new function will take an additional input: a semaphore that will control access to the critical section so only one thread at a time can call gethostbyname and read the result stored in a static variable. Note 2: a call to malloc is…