The kinds of particle motion account for thermal energy.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 1RCQ

To determine

To find:

The kinds of particle motion account for thermal energy.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1RCQ

Solution:

The thermal energy consists of the translation, vibration, and rotational motion of particles.

Explanation of Solution

The matter is formed by the combination of atoms and molecules, and these atoms and molecules are continuously in motion inside the matter. Atoms and molecules can move in various ways inside the matter such as straight-line motion, rotational motion, and vibratory motion. So, atoms and molecules have energies corresponding to their motions. When atoms and molecules move in a straight line, they consist of translation energy, when atoms and molecules rotate, they consist of rotational energy, and when atoms and molecules are vibrating, they consist of vibration energy. Also, the particles have potential energy from the attractions between them or from their mutual repulsion when they are at close range.

Therefore, the thermal energy consists of the translation, vibration, and rotational motion of particle.

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6. Bending a lens in OpticStudio or OSLO. In either package, create a BK7 singlet lens of 10 mm semi-diameter and with 10 mm thickness. Set the wavelength to the (default) 0.55 microns and a single on-axis field point at infinite object distance. Set the image distance to 200 mm. Make the first surface the stop insure that the lens is fully filled (that is, that the entrance beam has a radius of 10 mm). Use the lens-maker's equation to calculate initial glass curvatures assuming you want a symmetric, bi-convex lens with an effective focal length of 200 mm. Get this working and examine the RMS spot size using the "Text" tab of the Spot Diagram analysis tab (OpticStudio) or the Spd command of the text widnow (OSLO). You should find the lens is far from diffraction limited, with a spot size of more than 100 microns. Now let's optimize this lens. In OpticStudio, create a default merit function optimizing on spot size.Then insert one extra line at the top of the merit function. Assign the…

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 1RCQ

To determine

To find:

The kinds of particle motion account for thermal energy.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1RCQ

Solution:

The thermal energy consists of the translation, vibration, and rotational motion of particles.

Explanation of Solution

The matter is formed by the combination of atoms and molecules, and these atoms and molecules are continuously in motion inside the matter. Atoms and molecules can move in various ways inside the matter such as straight-line motion, rotational motion, and vibratory motion. So, atoms and molecules have energies corresponding to their motions. When atoms and molecules move in a straight line, they consist of translation energy, when atoms and molecules rotate, they consist of rotational energy, and when atoms and molecules are vibrating, they consist of vibration energy. Also, the particles have potential energy from the attractions between them or from their mutual repulsion when they are at close range.

Therefore, the thermal energy consists of the translation, vibration, and rotational motion of particle.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 1RCQ

To determine

To find:

The kinds of particle motion account for thermal energy.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1RCQ

Solution:

The thermal energy consists of the translation, vibration, and rotational motion of particles.

Explanation of Solution

The matter is formed by the combination of atoms and molecules, and these atoms and molecules are continuously in motion inside the matter. Atoms and molecules can move in various ways inside the matter such as straight-line motion, rotational motion, and vibratory motion. So, atoms and molecules have energies corresponding to their motions. When atoms and molecules move in a straight line, they consist of translation energy, when atoms and molecules rotate, they consist of rotational energy, and when atoms and molecules are vibrating, they consist of vibration energy. Also, the particles have potential energy from the attractions between them or from their mutual repulsion when they are at close range.

Therefore, the thermal energy consists of the translation, vibration, and rotational motion of particle.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 1RCQ

To determine

To find:

The kinds of particle motion account for thermal energy.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1RCQ

Solution:

The thermal energy consists of the translation, vibration, and rotational motion of particles.

Explanation of Solution

The matter is formed by the combination of atoms and molecules, and these atoms and molecules are continuously in motion inside the matter. Atoms and molecules can move in various ways inside the matter such as straight-line motion, rotational motion, and vibratory motion. So, atoms and molecules have energies corresponding to their motions. When atoms and molecules move in a straight line, they consist of translation energy, when atoms and molecules rotate, they consist of rotational energy, and when atoms and molecules are vibrating, they consist of vibration energy. Also, the particles have potential energy from the attractions between them or from their mutual repulsion when they are at close range.

Therefore, the thermal energy consists of the translation, vibration, and rotational motion of particle.

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Answer 5

Chapter 6, Problem 1RCQ

To determine

To find:

The kinds of particle motion account for thermal energy.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1RCQ

Solution:

The thermal energy consists of the translation, vibration, and rotational motion of particles.

Explanation of Solution

The matter is formed by the combination of atoms and molecules, and these atoms and molecules are continuously in motion inside the matter. Atoms and molecules can move in various ways inside the matter such as straight-line motion, rotational motion, and vibratory motion. So, atoms and molecules have energies corresponding to their motions. When atoms and molecules move in a straight line, they consist of translation energy, when atoms and molecules rotate, they consist of rotational energy, and when atoms and molecules are vibrating, they consist of vibration energy. Also, the particles have potential energy from the attractions between them or from their mutual repulsion when they are at close range.

Therefore, the thermal energy consists of the translation, vibration, and rotational motion of particle.

Answer 6

Chapter 6, Problem 1RCQ

To determine

To find:

The kinds of particle motion account for thermal energy.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1RCQ

Solution:

The thermal energy consists of the translation, vibration, and rotational motion of particles.

Explanation of Solution

The matter is formed by the combination of atoms and molecules, and these atoms and molecules are continuously in motion inside the matter. Atoms and molecules can move in various ways inside the matter such as straight-line motion, rotational motion, and vibratory motion. So, atoms and molecules have energies corresponding to their motions. When atoms and molecules move in a straight line, they consist of translation energy, when atoms and molecules rotate, they consist of rotational energy, and when atoms and molecules are vibrating, they consist of vibration energy. Also, the particles have potential energy from the attractions between them or from their mutual repulsion when they are at close range.

Therefore, the thermal energy consists of the translation, vibration, and rotational motion of particle.

Answer 7

Chapter 6, Problem 1RCQ

To determine

To find:

The kinds of particle motion account for thermal energy.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1RCQ

Solution:

The thermal energy consists of the translation, vibration, and rotational motion of particles.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Explanation of Solution

The matter is formed by the combination of atoms and molecules, and these atoms and molecules are continuously in motion inside the matter. Atoms and molecules can move in various ways inside the matter such as straight-line motion, rotational motion, and vibratory motion. So, atoms and molecules have energies corresponding to their motions. When atoms and molecules move in a straight line, they consist of translation energy, when atoms and molecules rotate, they consist of rotational energy, and when atoms and molecules are vibrating, they consist of vibration energy. Also, the particles have potential energy from the attractions between them or from their mutual repulsion when they are at close range.

Therefore, the thermal energy consists of the translation, vibration, and rotational motion of particle.