Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780323354813
Author: Jacquelyn L. Banasik PhD ARNP
Publisher: Saunders
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Chapter 6, Problem 1KQ
Summary Introduction

To determine: How are the genes transmitted from the parents to the offspring?

Introduction: The hereditary material or a genetic potential of a living thing is referred to as the genetic material. It is carried in the form of base sequences of the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as per the genetic code. The genetic code is made up of four bases namely Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Thymine (T), and Cytosine (C).

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The genes are the basic unit of inheritance and are composed of DNA that is situated in the chromosomes. In a cell, the genetic information is stored in the form of DNA. It is a twisted, double-stranded helical molecule. The genetic information is transmitted to the progeny by the process of DNA replication. During DNA replication, the double helices of the DNA separate into single strands. These strands serve as a template for synthesizing the new identical DNA strands. Thus, the new progeny contains one parent DNA strand and one daughter DNA strand.

The human DNA is organized into 23 pairs of chromosomes. These chromosomes have different DNA sequences. One member of each pair of the chromosome is inherited from the mother, and the other member is inherited from the father. Thus in this way, the genes are transmitted to the offspring from the parents.

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