Using & Understanding Mathematics: A Quantitative Reasoning Approach (7th Edition)

7th Edition

ISBN: 9780134705187

Author: Jeffrey O. Bennett, William L. Briggs

Publisher: PEARSON

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Textbook Question

Chapter 5.B, Problem 1QQ

You read about an issue that was the subject of an observational study when clearly it should have been studied with a double-blind experiment. The results from the observational study are therefore

a. still valid, but a little less reliable.

b. valid, but only if you first correct for the fact that the wrong type of study was done.

c. essentially meaningless.

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Chapter 5.A, Problem 67E

Chapter 5.B, Problem 2QQ

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Chapter 5 Solutions

Using & Understanding Mathematics: A Quantitative Reasoning Approach (7th Edition)

Ch. 5.A - You conduct a poll in which you randomly select...Ch. 5.A - Results of the poll described in question 1 would...Ch. 5.A - When we say that a sample is representative of the...Ch. 5.A - A poll concerning support for mass transit is...Ch. 5.A - Consider an experiment designed to test whether...Ch. 5.A - The experiment described in question 4 is a....Ch. 5.A - The purpose of a placebo is a. to prevent...Ch. 5.A - An experiment is single-blind if a. it lacks a...Ch. 5.A - Poll X predicts that Powell will receive 49% of...Ch. 5.A - A survey reveals that 12% of Americans believe...

Ch. 5.A - 1. Why do we say that the term statistics has two...Ch. 5.A - 2. Define the terms populatíon, sample, population...Ch. 5.A - Describe the five basic steps in a statistical...Ch. 5.A - Why is a so important that a statistical study use...Ch. 5.A - Prob. 5E Ch. 5.A - Prob. 6E Ch. 5.A - What is a placebo? Describe the placebo effect and...Ch. 5.A - What is meant by the margin of error in a survey...Ch. 5.A - In my experimental study, I used a sample that was...Ch. 5.A - I followed all the guidelines for sample selection...Ch. 5.A - I wanted to test the effects of vitamin C on...Ch. 5.A - I don’t believe the results of the experiment...Ch. 5.A - A pollster plans to improve survey results by...Ch. 5.A - By choosing my sample carefully, I can make a good...Ch. 5.A - Population and Sample. For the following studies,...Ch. 5.A - 15–20: Population and Sample. For the following...Ch. 5.A - 15–20: Population and Sample. For the following...Ch. 5.A - In a test of the effectiveness of garlic for...Ch. 5.A - In an Accountemps survey of 150 senior executives,...Ch. 5.A - Population and Sample. For the following studies,...Ch. 5.A - Prob. 21E Ch. 5.A - Prob. 22E Ch. 5.A - Prob. 23E Ch. 5.A - Steps in a Study. Describe how you would apply the...Ch. 5.A - 21-26: Steps in a Study. Describe how you would...Ch. 5.A - Prob. 26E Ch. 5.A - Representative Sample? You want to determine the...Ch. 5.A - Representative Sample? You want to determine the...Ch. 5.A - Identify the Sampling Method. Identify the...Ch. 5.A - Identify the Sampling Method. Identify the...Ch. 5.A - Identify the Sampling Method. Identify the...Ch. 5.A - Identify the Sampling Method. Identify the...Ch. 5.A - Identify the Sampling Method. Identify the...Ch. 5.A - Identify the Sampling Method. Identify the...Ch. 5.A - Type of Study. Determine whether the following...Ch. 5.A - Type of Study. Determine whether the following...Ch. 5.A - Type of Study. Determine whether each of the...Ch. 5.A - Type of Study. Determine whether the following...Ch. 5.A - Prob. 39E Ch. 5.A - Prob. 40E Ch. 5.A - Prob. 41E Ch. 5.A - Prob. 42E Ch. 5.A - Prob. 43E Ch. 5.A - Prob. 44E Ch. 5.A - Prob. 45E Ch. 5.A - Prob. 46E Ch. 5.A - Margin of Error. The following summaries of...Ch. 5.A - A Gallup poll found that 36% of Americans favor a...Ch. 5.A - Margin of Error. The following summaries of...Ch. 5.A - Margin of Error. The following summaries of...Ch. 5.A - Effectiveness of a New Drug. As part of the U.S....Ch. 5.A - Real Studies. Consider the following statistical...Ch. 5.A - Real Studies. Consider the following statistical...Ch. 5.A - Prob. 54E Ch. 5.A - 55. A Fox News poll carried out by phone...Ch. 5.A - Prob. 56E Ch. 5.A - Prob. 57E Ch. 5.A - Prob. 58E Ch. 5.A - Statistics in the News. Select three news stories...Ch. 5.A - 62. Statistics in Your Major. Write two to three...Ch. 5.A - Prob. 61E Ch. 5.A - Prob. 62E Ch. 5.A - 65. Poor Sampling. Find a new article about a...Ch. 5.A - 66. Good Sampling. Find a recent news article that...Ch. 5.A - 67. Margin of Error. Find a report of a recent...Ch. 5.A - Prob. 66E Ch. 5.A - Prob. 67E Ch. 5.B - You read about an issue that was the subject of an...Ch. 5.B - A study conducted by the oil company Exxon Mobil...Ch. 5.B - Consider a study designed to learn about the...Ch. 5.B - The show The Voice selects winners based on votes...Ch. 5.B - Consider an experiment in which you measure the...Ch. 5.B - Consider a survey in which 1000 people arc asked...Ch. 5.B - Imagine that a survey of randomly selected people...Ch. 5.B - You want to know whether people prefer Smith or...Ch. 5.B - A self-selected survey is one in which a. the...Ch. 5.B - If a statistical study is carefully conducted tn...Ch. 5.B - Prob. 1E Ch. 5.B - Prob. 2E Ch. 5.B - Prob. 3E Ch. 5.B - Prob. 4E Ch. 5.B - More than 1 million people sent texts in response...Ch. 5.B - Thc survey of religious beliefs suffered from...Ch. 5.B - My experiment proved beyond a doubt that vitamin C...Ch. 5.B - Everyone who jogs for exercise should try the new...Ch. 5.B - Prob. 9E Ch. 5.B - Should You Believe This Study? Based solely on the...Ch. 5.B - 9-20: Should You Believe This Study? Based solely...Ch. 5.B - 9–20: Should You Believe This Study? Based solely...Ch. 5.B - Should You Believe This Study? Based solely on the...Ch. 5.B - Prob. 14E Ch. 5.B - Should You Believe This Study? Based solely on the...Ch. 5.B - Should You Believe This Study? Based solely on the...Ch. 5.B - Prob. 17E Ch. 5.B - Should You Believe This Study? Based solely on the...Ch. 5.B - Should You Believe This Study? Based solely on the...Ch. 5.B - Prob. 20E Ch. 5.B - 21–26: Should You Believe This Claim? Based solely...Ch. 5.B - Prob. 22E Ch. 5.B - Prob. 23E Ch. 5.B - Prob. 24E Ch. 5.B - Prob. 25E Ch. 5.B - Should You Believe This Claim? Based solely on the...Ch. 5.B - Prob. 27E Ch. 5.B - Prob. 28E Ch. 5.B - Bias. Identify at least one potential source of...Ch. 5.B - Prob. 30E Ch. 5.B - Bias. Identify at least one potential source of...Ch. 5.B - Prob. 32E Ch. 5.B - Prob. 33E Ch. 5.B - Prob. 34E Ch. 5.B - 35. Its All in the Wording. Princeton Survey...Ch. 5.B - 36. It’s All in the Wording. The Pew Research...Ch. 5.B - Prob. 37E Ch. 5.B - Stat-Bytes. Much like sound bytes of news stories,...Ch. 5.B - Prob. 39E Ch. 5.B - Prob. 40E Ch. 5.B - Prob. 41E Ch. 5.B - Prob. 42E Ch. 5.B - Accurate Headlines? Consider the following...Ch. 5.B - 43–44: Accurate Headlines? Consider the following...Ch. 5.B - 45. What is the Question? Discuss the differences...Ch. 5.B - 46. Exercise and Dementia. A recent study in the...Ch. 5.B - Prob. 47E Ch. 5.B - Prob. 48E Ch. 5.B - Prob. 49E Ch. 5.B - Prob. 50E Ch. 5.B - Prob. 51E Ch. 5.C - In a class of 200 students, 50 students received a...Ch. 5.C - For the class described in question 1, what was...Ch. 5.C - Which of the following is an example of...Ch. 5.C - The sizes of the wedges in a pie chart tell you a....Ch. 5.C - You have a table listing ten tourist attractions...Ch. 5.C - In the table of tourist attractions and visitors...Ch. 5.C - You have a list of the GPAs of 100 college...Ch. 5.C - You have a list of the average gasoline price for...Ch. 5.C - A histogram is a. a graph that shows how some...Ch. 5.C - You have a histogram and you want to convert it...Ch. 5.C - Prob. 1E Ch. 5.C - Prob. 2E Ch. 5.C - Prob. 3E Ch. 5.C - Prob. 4E Ch. 5.C - Prob. 5E Ch. 5.C - 6. What two types of graphs are most common when...Ch. 5.C - I made a frequency table with two columns, one...Ch. 5.C - The relative frequency of B grades in our class...Ch. 5.C - The cumulative frequency of C grades in our class...Ch. 5.C - Your bar graph must be wrong, because you have 10...Ch. 5.C - Your pie chart must be wrong, because when I added...Ch. 5.C - I rearranged the bars on my histogram the tallest...Ch. 5.C - 13-14: Frequency Tables. Make frequency tables for...Ch. 5.C - Prob. 14E Ch. 5.C - 15-22: Qualitative versus Quantitative. Determine...Ch. 5.C - Qualitative versus Quantitative. Determine whether...Ch. 5.C - 15-22: Qualitative versus Quantitative. Determine...Ch. 5.C - Qualitative versus Quantitative. Determine whether...Ch. 5.C - Qualitative versus Quantitative. Determine whether...Ch. 5.C - Qualitative versus Quantitative. Determine whether...Ch. 5.C - 15-22: Qualitative versus Quantitative. Determine...Ch. 5.C - Qualitative versus Quantitative. Determine whether...Ch. 5.C - Binned Frequency Tables. Use the given bin sizes...Ch. 5.C - Binned Frequency Tables. Use the given bin sizes...Ch. 5.C - 25. Most Populous Countries. The following table...Ch. 5.C - Prob. 26E Ch. 5.C - Prob. 27E Ch. 5.C - Prob. 28E Ch. 5.C - Prob. 29E Ch. 5.C - Prob. 30E Ch. 5.C - 31. Cell Phone Subscriptions. The following table...Ch. 5.C - 32. Death Rates. Figure 5.10 is a time-series...Ch. 5.C - U.S. Electrical Energy. The following table gives...Ch. 5.C - Prob. 34E Ch. 5.C - Ages of Nobel Prize Winners. The Following...Ch. 5.C - Prob. 36E Ch. 5.C - Prob. 37E Ch. 5.C - Prob. 38E Ch. 5.C - Immigrant Data. The following table gives the...Ch. 5.C - Prob. 40E Ch. 5.C - Prob. 41E Ch. 5.C - 49. Bar Graph. Find a recent news article tha...Ch. 5.C - 50. Pie Chart. Find a recent news article that...Ch. 5.C - 51. Histogram. Find a recent news article that...Ch. 5.C - 52. Line Chart. Find a recent news article that...Ch. 5.C - Answer the following questions using procedures...Ch. 5.C - 47. U.S. Population in Poverty. Use Excel or with...Ch. 5.C - 48. StatCrunch Data Entry. To gain practice...Ch. 5.C - 49. NFL Data. Open the shared data set called NFL...Ch. 5.C - Prob. 50E Ch. 5.D - Based on Figure 5.12, which statement is correct?...Ch. 5.D - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 5.D - Prob. 3QQ Ch. 5.D - Prob. 4QQ Ch. 5.D - Prob. 5QQ Ch. 5.D - Prob. 6QQ Ch. 5.D - Which of the following best describes the...Ch. 5.D - Prob. 8QQ Ch. 5.D - 9. Consider Figure 5.22(a). Moving one tick mark...Ch. 5.D - 10. Consider Figure 5.23(a). In years where the...Ch. 5.D - Briefly describe the construction and use of...Ch. 5.D - What are geographical data? Briefly describe at...Ch. 5.D - What are three-dimensional graphics? Explain the...Ch. 5.D - What are infographics, and what is their goal?Ch. 5.D - Prob. 5E Ch. 5.D - 6. What is an exponential scale? When is an...Ch. 5.D - Explain how a graph that shows percentage change...Ch. 5.D - Prob. 8E Ch. 5.D - My bar chart contains more information than yours,...Ch. 5.D - 10. I used an exponential scale because the data...Ch. 5.D - Prob. 11E Ch. 5.D - A graph showing the yearly rate of increase in the...Ch. 5.D - Educational Value. Use the graphs in Figure 5.11...Ch. 5.D - 13-16: Educational Value. Use the graphs in Figure...Ch. 5.D - Prob. 15E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 16E Ch. 5.D - Gender and Mathematics. Consider the data...Ch. 5.D - Gender and Science. The following table gives data...Ch. 5.D - Prob. 19E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 20E Ch. 5.D - Disease Stack Plot. Use Figure 5.14 to answer the...Ch. 5.D - Disease Stack Plot. Use Figure 5.14 to answer the...Ch. 5.D - 23. Figure 5.24 shows a stack plot of federal...Ch. 5.D - 24. College Degrees. Figure 5.25 shows the numbers...Ch. 5.D - 25-26: Melanoma Mortality. Figure 5.26 shows the...Ch. 5.D - Prob. 26E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 27E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 28E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 29E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 30E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 31E Ch. 5.D - Infographic. Use Figure 5.18 to answer the...Ch. 5.D - Volume Distortion. Figure 5.29 depicts the amounts...Ch. 5.D - Three-DimensionaI Pies. The pie charts in Figure...Ch. 5.D - Refugees to Europe. Figure 5.31 shows the numbers...Ch. 5.D - 36. Life Expectancy. Figure 5.32 shows the life...Ch. 5.D - 37. Moore’s Law. Moore law refers to a prediction...Ch. 5.D - Prob. 38E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 39E Ch. 5.D - Percentage Change in the CPI. Figure 5.33 shows...Ch. 5.D - Prob. 41E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 42E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 43E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 44E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 45E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 46E Ch. 5.D - 47-52: Creating Graphics. Make a graphical display...Ch. 5.D - 47-52: Creating Graphics. Make a graphical display...Ch. 5.D - Creating Graphics. Make a graphical display of the...Ch. 5.D - Prob. 50E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 51E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 52E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 53E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 54E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 55E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 56E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 57E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 58E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 59E Ch. 5.D - 46. Interactive Infographics. Find a few examples...Ch. 5.D - Answer the following questions using procedures...Ch. 5.D - Answer the following questions using procedures...Ch. 5.D - Prob. 63E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 64E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 65E Ch. 5.D - Answer the following questions using procedures...Ch. 5.D - Prob. 67E Ch. 5.D - Prob. 68E Ch. 5.E - If X is correlated with Y, a. X causes Y. b....Ch. 5.E - Figure 5.40. According to this diagram, life...Ch. 5.E - If the points on a scatterplot fall on a nearly...Ch. 5.E - If the points on a scatterplot fall into a broad...Ch. 5.E - When can you rule out the possibility that changes...Ch. 5.E - What type of correlation would you expect between...Ch. 5.E - You have found a higher rate of birth defects...Ch. 5.E - Based on the data in Figure 5.38, abou how much...Ch. 5.E - Which of the following statements best describes...Ch. 5.E - A finding by a jury that a pcrson is guilty...Ch. 5.E - What is a correlation? Give three examples of...Ch. 5.E - What is a scatterplot, and how is one made? How...Ch. 5.E - Prob. 3E Ch. 5.E - Describe the three general categories of...Ch. 5.E - 5. Briefly describe each of the six guidelines...Ch. 5.E - Briefly describe three levels of confidence in...Ch. 5.E - There is a strong negative correlation between the...Ch. 5.E - There is a strong positive correlation between the...Ch. 5.E - I found a nearly perfect positive correlation...Ch. 5.E - I found a nearly perfect negative correlation...Ch. 5.E - I had originally suspected that an increase in...Ch. 5.E - Prob. 12E Ch. 5.E - Interpreting Scatterplots. Consider the following...Ch. 5.E - Interpreting Scatterplots. Consider the following...Ch. 5.E - Interpreting Scatterplots. Consider the following...Ch. 5.E - Interpreting Scatterplots. Consider the following...Ch. 5.E - Types of Correlation. For the following pairs of...Ch. 5.E - Types of Correlation. For the following pairs of...Ch. 5.E - Types of Correlation. For the following pairs of...Ch. 5.E - Prob. 20E Ch. 5.E - Prob. 21E Ch. 5.E - Prob. 22E Ch. 5.E - 17–24: Types of Correlation. For the following...Ch. 5.E - Prob. 24E Ch. 5.E - Prob. 25E Ch. 5.E - Making Scatterplots. Consider the following data...Ch. 5.E - Making Scatterplots. Consider the following data...Ch. 5.E - Prob. 28E Ch. 5.E - Prob. 29E Ch. 5.E - Making Scatterplots. Consider the following data...Ch. 5.E - Federal Aid and Graduation Rates. Figure 5.43...Ch. 5.E - Correlation and Causality. Consider the following...Ch. 5.E - Correlation and Causality. Consider the following...Ch. 5.E - Correlation and Causality. Consider the following...Ch. 5.E - Correlation and Causality. Consider the following...Ch. 5.E - Correlation and Causality. Consider the following...Ch. 5.E - Correlation and Causality. Consider the following...Ch. 5.E - 38. Identifying Causes: Headaches. You are trying...Ch. 5.E - 39. Smoking and Lung Cancer. There is a strong...Ch. 5.E - Prob. 40E Ch. 5.E - Prob. 41E Ch. 5.E - Prob. 42E Ch. 5.E - Prob. 43E Ch. 5.E - Prob. 44E Ch. 5.E - Prob. 45E Ch. 5.E - Prob. 46E Ch. 5.E - Prob. 47E Ch. 5.E - Answer the following questions using procedures...Ch. 5.E - Exercise and TV Open the shared data set called...Ch. 5.E - 50. StatCrunch Project. Choose one data set...

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