
Concept explainers
A symbiotic association in which organisms are beneficial to one another is known as (a) predation (b) interspecific competition (c) intraspecific competition (d) commensalism (e) mutualism

Introduction: Elucidation and inspection of patterns and processes within a community is known as community ecology. Communities contain large number of individuals of different species those interact with each other and are independent in various ways. Every organism mostly plays one of the three important roles of the ecosystem in community life, namely producer, consumer, or decomposer.
Answer to Problem 1TYU
Correct answer: A symbiotic association in which organisms are beneficial to one another is known as mutualism. Hence the correct answer is option (e).
Explanation of Solution
Reason for correct answer:
Option (e) is given as “mutualism”.
The type of symbiosis in which both the specie are benefited by each other is known as mutualism. The relationship is obligatory in which both species need each other for survival. For example, the association between nitrogen-fixing bacteria of the Rhizobium and the plants like beans, peas and clover. Nitrogen fixing bacteria gives the plant nitrogen for the manufacturing of chlorophyll, nucleic acids, and plants and the plant supplies energy-rich organic molecules and sugar.
Hence the correct answer is option (e).
Reasons for incorrect answers:
Option (a) is given as, “predation”. The consumption of one species by another species is known as predation. Hence, option (a) is incorrect.
Option (b) is given as, “interspecific competition”. Competition occurs between members of different species and individuals with several adaptations for survival are known as interspecific competition. Hence, option (b) is incorrect.
Option (c) is given as, “intraspecific competition”. Competition occurs between same species and organisms with similar adaptations for all types of essential requirements are known as intraspecific competition. Hence, option (c) is incorrect.
Option (d) is given as, “commensalism”. The type of symbiosis in which only one species is benefited and other species remain unaffected is known as commensalism. Hence, option (d) is incorrect.
Hence the options (a), (b), (c), and (d) are incorrect.
Mutualism is a symbiotic association in which both organisms are beneficial to one another.
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