Automotive Technology
Automotive Technology
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781337794213
Author: ERJAVEC, Jack.
Publisher: Cengage,
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Textbook Question
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Chapter 54, Problem 1SA

What is the amount of heat necessary to change the state of a substance called?

Expert Solution & Answer
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To determine

The name given to the amount of heat necessary to change the state of a substance.

Answer to Problem 1SA

The heat necessary to change the state of a substance is termed as latent heat.

Explanation of Solution

When there is a change in state of a substance that is the substance becomes liquid from solid or vapor from liquid or vice versa, a huge amount of heat is required, this heat is termed as latent heat of vaporization and this process is termed as phase change.

Phase change is quite a complex process and during this process, no change in pressure or temperature is observed.

Conclusion:

Thus, the heat necessary to change the state of a substance is termed as latent heat.

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6/86 The connecting rod AB of a certain internal-combustion engine weighs 1.2 lb with mass center at G and has a radius of gyration about G of 1.12 in. The piston and piston pin A together weigh 1.80 lb. The engine is running at a constant speed of 3000 rev/min, so that the angular velocity of the crank is 3000(2)/60 = 100л rad/sec. Neglect the weights of the components and the force exerted by the gas in the cylinder compared with the dynamic forces generated and calculate the magnitude of the force on the piston pin A for the crank angle 0 = 90°. (Suggestion: Use the alternative moment relation, Eq. 6/3, with B as the moment center.) Answer A = 347 lb 3" 1.3" B 1.7" PROBLEM 6/86
6/85 In a study of head injury against the instrument panel of a car during sudden or crash stops where lap belts without shoulder straps or airbags are used, the segmented human model shown in the figure is analyzed. The hip joint O is assumed to remain fixed relative to the car, and the torso above the hip is treated as a rigid body of mass m freely pivoted at O. The center of mass of the torso is at G with the initial position of OG taken as vertical. The radius of gyration of the torso about O is ko. If the car is brought to a sudden stop with a constant deceleration a, determine the speed v relative to the car with which the model's head strikes the instrument panel. Substitute the values m = 50 kg, 7 = 450 mm, r = 800 mm, ko = 550 mm, 0 = 45°, and a = 10g and compute v. Answer v = 11.73 m/s PROBLEM 6/85

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