FUNDAMENTALS OF THERMODYNAMICS
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781119634928
Author: Borgnakke
Publisher: WILEY
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Consider natural gas furnace, electric resistance heat pump systems. For a specified heating load, which one of these three systems will do the job with least irreversibility? Explain.
As shown in the figure, a reversible power cycle R and an
irreversible power cycle I operate between the same hot and cold
thermal reservoir. Cycle I has a thermal efficiency equal to
one-third of the thermal efficiency of cycle R.
(b) If each cycle develops the same net work,
determine which cycle (i) receives greater energy
by heat transfer from the hot reservoir, (ii)
discharges greater energy by heat transfer to the
cold reservoir.
WR
R
Hot reservoir
m
Qc=QH-WR l'c=QH-W₁
Cold reservoir
W₁
The efficiencies of all reversible heat engines operating between the same two reservoirs are the same?
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- Prove that the “cycle” consisting of only two adiabatic steps (reversible expansion and then compression) will have no efficiency since no work can be produced. Will it violate the 2nd law of the thermodynamics? Explain.arrow_forwardCompare reversible and irreversible processes in thermodynamics and explain their effects on a system and its surroundings.arrow_forwardA system executes a power cycle while receiving 1000 Btu by heat transfer at a temperature of 900°R and discharging 600 Btu by heat transfer at a temperature of 540°R. There are no other heat transfers. Determine the cycle thermal efficiency. Use the Clausius Inequality to determine ocvcle, in Btu/°R. Determine if this cycle is internally reversible, irreversible, or impossible.arrow_forward
- The efficiency of an irreversible heat engine is always less than the efficiency of a reversible one operating between the same two reservoirs?arrow_forwardHow do heat transfer and energy transformation affect heat engines in electricity production?arrow_forward1. Describe two fact that identify the inadequacy of the First law of thermodynamics compare to the second law of thermodynamics and name the property that supports the facts. 2.Describe the thermal energy reservoir and identify the source and sink for a case of laptop used in an office room space. 3.In the four processes that make up the Carnot cycle, briefly illustrate in your own words on how the reversible isothermal and adiabatic process are achieved during expansion and compression.arrow_forward
- Heat is lost through a plane wall steadily at a rate of 800 W. If the inner and outer surface temperatures of the wall are 20°C and 9°C, respectively, and the environment temperature is 0°C, the rate of exergy destruction within the wall is (a) 0 W (b) 11 W (c) 15 W (d) 29 W (e) 76 Warrow_forwardA completely reversible heat engine operates with a source at 1500 R and a sink at 500 R. At what rate must heat be supplied to this engine, in Btu/h, for it to produce 5 hp of power?arrow_forwardA proposed cyclic heat engine will accept 300 J of heat from a hot reservoir at 800 K, output 250 J of work to the surroundings, and reject 50 J of heat to a cold reservoir at 300 K. According to the 2nd law of thermodynamics, which of the following statements is correct? The system is possible but irreversible. The system is impossible. The system is possible and reversible.arrow_forward
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