Chapter 5, Problem 5.2QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The type of noises that can be reduced by decreasing the temperature of measurement needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Chemical analyses are related with two types of noise which are chemical noise and instrumental noise. Chemical noise is due to reasons that affect the chemistry of the system being analyzed. Instrumental noise is components of the instrument. There are four types of instrumental noise and they are thermal noise, shot noise, flicker noise and environmental noise.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The type of noise that can be reduced by increasing the frequency used for measurement needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Chemical analyses are related with two types of noise which are chemical noise and instrumental noise. Chemical noise is due to reasons that affect the chemistry of the system being analyzed. Instrumental noise is components of the instrument. There are four types of instrumental noise and they are thermal noise, shot noise, flicker noise and environmental noise. Among them flicker noise and environmental noise are frequency dependent thermal noise and shot noise are frequency independent.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The type of noise that can be reduced by decreasing the band width of the measurement needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Radiation does not only come from human-made sources, but it can also come from natural sources.