Chapter 5, Problem 51QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The balanced chemical equation and the reaction type are to be determined for the given chemical equation.

Explanation of Solution

The skeleton equation for the chemical equation is shown below, where on the left side, the number of atoms is not equal to the number of atoms on the right side.

${\text{CaCl}}_2\left(aq\right)+{\text{Na}}_2{\text{SO}}_4\left(aq\right)\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{CaSO}}_4+\text{NaCl}\left(aq\right)$

To balance the chemical equation, the coefficient for $\text{NaCl}\left(aq\right)$ changes to $2$ . The balanced chemical equation for the given reaction is shown below. This reaction is a double-displacement reaction because both the cations exchange their anions.

${\text{CaCl}}_2\left(aq\right)+{\text{Na}}_2{\text{SO}}_4\left(aq\right)\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{CaSO}}_4+2\text{NaCl}\left(aq\right)$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The balanced chemical equation and the reaction type are to be determined for the given chemical equation.

Explanation of Solution

The skeleton equation for the chemical equation is shown below, where on the left side, the number of atoms is not equal to the number of atoms on the right side.

$\text{Ba}\left(s\right)+\text{HCl}\left(aq\right)\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{BaCl}}_{\text{2}}\left(aq\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)$

To balance the chemical equation, the coefficient for $\text{HCl}\left(aq\right)$ changes to $2$ . The balanced chemical equation for the given reaction is shown below. This reaction is a single-displacement reaction because barium replaces the hydrogen from its compound.

$\text{Ba}\left(s\right)+2\text{HCl}\left(aq\right)\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{BaCl}}_{\text{2}}\left(aq\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The balanced chemical equation and the reaction type are to be determined for the given chemical equation.

Explanation of Solution

The skeleton equation for the chemical equation is shown below, where on the left side, the number of atoms is not equal to the number of atoms on the right side.

${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)+{\text{H}}_2\left(g\right)\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}\left(g\right)$

To balance the chemical equation, the coefficient for ${\text{H}}_2\left(g\right){\text{ and NH}}_3\left(g\right)$ changes to $3$ and $2$ , respectively. The balanced chemical equation for the given reaction is shown below. This reaction is a combination reaction.

${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)+3{\text{H}}_2\left(g\right)\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{2NH}}_{\text{3}}\left(g\right)$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The balanced chemical equation and the reaction type are to be determined for the given chemical equation.

Explanation of Solution

The chemical equation that is shown below is balanced because the number of atoms on the left side is equal to the number of atoms on the right side.

This chemical reaction is a single-displacement reaction in which carbon monoxide gains the oxygen and iron loses its oxygen.

$\text{FeO}\left(s\right)+\text{CO}\left(g\right)\stackrel{}{\to }\text{Fe}\left(s\right)+{\text{CO}}_2\left(g\right)$

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The balanced chemical equation and the reaction type are to be determined for the given chemical equation.

Explanation of Solution

The chemical equation that is shown below is balanced because the number of atoms on the left side is equal to the number of atoms on the right side. This chemical reaction is the combination reaction in which calcium oxide and water combine to form calcium hydroxide.

$\text{CaO}\left(s\right)+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\left(l\right)\stackrel{}{\to }\text{Ca}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\left(aq\right)$

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The balanced chemical equation and the reaction type are to be determined for the given chemical equation.

Explanation of Solution

The skeleton equation for the chemical equation is shown below, where on the left side, the number of atoms is not equal to the number of atoms on the right side.

${\text{Na}}_2{\text{CrO}}_4\left(aq\right)+\text{Pb}{\left({\text{NO}}_3\right)}_2\left(aq\right)\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{NaNO}}_3\left(aq\right)+{\text{PbCrO}}_4\left(s\right)$

To balance the chemical equation, the coefficient for ${\text{NaNO}}_3\left(aq\right)$ changes to $2$ . The balanced chemical equation for the given reaction is shown below. This reaction is a type of double-displacement reaction because sodium and lead exchange their ions.

${\text{Na}}_2{\text{CrO}}_4\left(aq\right)+\text{Pb}{\left({\text{NO}}_3\right)}_2\left(aq\right)\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{2NaNO}}_3\left(aq\right)+{\text{PbCrO}}_4\left(s\right)\mathrm{......}\left(10\right)$

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The balanced chemical equation and the reaction type are to be determined for the given chemical equation.

Explanation of Solution

The skeleton equation for the chemical equation is shown below, where on the left side, the number of atoms is not equal to the number of atoms on the right side.

$\text{KI}\left(aq\right)+{\text{Cl}}_2\left(g\right)\stackrel{}{\to }\text{KCl}\left(aq\right)+{\text{I}}_2\left(aq\right)$

To balance the chemical equation, the coefficient for $\text{KCl}\left(aq\right)\text{ and KI}$ changes to $2$ . The balanced chemical equation for the given reaction is shown below. This reaction is a type of single-displacement reaction because chlorine oxidizes iodide into iodine and forms potassium chloride.

$\text{2KI}\left(aq\right)+{\text{Cl}}_2\left(g\right)\stackrel{}{\to }\text{2KCl}\left(aq\right)+{\text{I}}_2\left(aq\right)$

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The balanced chemical equation and the reaction type are to be determined for the given chemical equation.

Explanation of Solution

The skeleton equation for the chemical equation is shown below, where on the left side, the number of atoms is not equal to the number of atoms on the right side.

${\text{NaHCO}}_3\left(s\right)\stackrel{\Delta }{\to }{\text{Na}}_2{\text{CO}}_3\left(s\right)+{\text{CO}}_2\left(g\right)+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\left(g\right)$

To balance the chemical equation, the coefficient for ${\text{NaHCO}}_3\left(s\right)$ changes to $2$ . The balanced chemical equation for the given reaction is shown below. This reaction is a type of decomposition reaction.

${\text{2NaHCO}}_3\left(s\right)\stackrel{\Delta }{\to }{\text{Na}}_2{\text{CO}}_3\left(s\right)+{\text{CO}}_2\left(g\right)+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\left(g\right)$