Concept explainers
___% of human DNA is thought to consist of viral DNA sequences.
- a. 0.08
- b. 8
- c. 1
- d. 4
- e. 5

Introduction:
Viruses are considered as the unique biological entities and are obligate intracellular parasites of bacteria, fungi, plants,and animals. They are extremely abundant on the planet. Viruses are non-cellular entities with a definite size, shape and chemical composition. With the help of nucleic acid sequencing techniques, it was possible to determine the picture and number of a variety of viruses on our planet. Viruses have inserted their genetic material permanently into the host cell during infection.
Answer to Problem 1Q
Correct answer:
8% of human DNA is thought to consist of viral DNA sequences. Therefore, option (b) is correct.
Option (b) is given as “8”.
Explanation of Solution
Justify the reasons for the correct statement:
Viruses infect the cell and have the ability to influence their genetic makeup. They alter the way cells, tissues, bacteria, plants,and animals have originated in their present forms. Scientists and researchers estimated that approximately 8% of the human genome consists of viral sequences. This is possible because the viruses have inserted their genetic material permanently into the human DNA.
Hence, option (b) is correct.
Justify the reasons for the incorrect statements:
Option (a) is given as “0.08”.
The human DNA consists of 8% of viral DNA sequence, according to the estimation by scientists. Hence, it is a wrong answer.
Option (c) is given as “1”.
The scientists think that 8% of human DNA consists of the viral DNA sequence. Hence, it is a wrong answer.
Option (d) is given as “45”.
Scientists think that 8% of human DNA consists of viral DNA sequence. Hence, it is a wrong answer.
Hence, options (a), (c) and(d) are incorrect.
8% of human DNA sequence consists of viral DNA sequence due to the alteration in their genetic makeup by a viral infection.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 5 Solutions
CONNECT WITH LEARNSMART FOR COWAN: MICR
- What did the Cre-lox system used in the Kikuchi et al. 2010 heart regeneration experiment allow researchers to investigate? What was the purpose of the cmlc2 promoter? What is CreER and why was it used in this experiment? If constitutively active Cre was driven by the cmlc2 promoter, rather than an inducible CreER system, what color would you expect new cardiomyocytes in the regenerated area to be no matter what? Why?arrow_forwardWhat kind of organ size regulation is occurring when you graft multiple organs into a mouse and the graft weight stays the same?arrow_forwardWhat is the concept "calories consumed must equal calories burned" in regrads to nutrition?arrow_forward
- You intend to insert patched dominant negative DNA into the left half of the neural tube of a chick. 1) Which side of the neural tube would you put the positive electrode to ensure that the DNA ends up on the left side? 2) What would be the internal (within the embryo) control for this experiment? 3) How can you be sure that the electroporation method itself is not impacting the embryo? 4) What would you do to ensure that the electroporation is working? How can you tell?arrow_forwardDescribe a method to document the diffusion path and gradient of Sonic Hedgehog through the chicken embryo. If modifying the protein, what is one thing you have to consider in regards to maintaining the protein’s function?arrow_forwardThe following table is from Kumar et. al. Highly Selective Dopamine D3 Receptor (DR) Antagonists and Partial Agonists Based on Eticlopride and the D3R Crystal Structure: New Leads for Opioid Dependence Treatment. J. Med Chem 2016.arrow_forward
- The following figure is from Caterina et al. The capsaicin receptor: a heat activated ion channel in the pain pathway. Nature, 1997. Black boxes indicate capsaicin, white circles indicate resinferatoxin. You are a chef in a fancy new science-themed restaurant. You have a recipe that calls for 1 teaspoon of resinferatoxin, but you feel uncomfortable serving foods with "toxins" in them. How much capsaicin could you substitute instead?arrow_forwardWhat protein is necessary for packaging acetylcholine into synaptic vesicles?arrow_forward1. Match each vocabulary term to its best descriptor A. affinity B. efficacy C. inert D. mimic E. how drugs move through body F. how drugs bind Kd Bmax Agonist Antagonist Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamicsarrow_forward
- Understanding Health Insurance: A Guide to Billin...Health & NutritionISBN:9781337679480Author:GREENPublisher:CengageComprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative a...NursingISBN:9781305964792Author:Wilburta Q. Lindh, Carol D. Tamparo, Barbara M. Dahl, Julie Morris, Cindy CorreaPublisher:Cengage Learning

