Explain how Ïƒ and π bonds are similar and how they are different.

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Answer 1

Textbook Question

Chapter 5, Problem 1E

Explain how Ïƒ and π bonds are similar and how they are different.

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The similarity and difference between s and p bonds is to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of bonds that are formed between the atoms-

a) Covalent bond- the bond formed by the sharing of electrons between the atoms.

b) Ionic bond- When atoms gain/loss electrons and become ions, the electrostatic attraction between the oppositely charged ions is known as ionic bond.

Electron in atoms occupy atomic orbitals while in molecule, electrons occupy molecular orbitals. These molecular orbitals are formed by the combination of the atomic orbitals and they can be bonding molecular orbitals and ant-bonding molecular orbitals.
The process of mixing of atomic orbitals of similar energy to produce new molecular orbitals of equivalent energy is known as hybridization.

Answer to Problem 1E

Similarity-They both are chemical covalent bonds and are formed by the overlapping of the atomic orbitals.

Differences-

s- bond	?-bond
Formed by the axial overlap of the atomic orbitals.	Formed by the side-ways overlap of the atomic orbitals.
It can be formed by the overlap of s-s, s-p or p-p orbitals.	It can only be formed by the overlap of p orbitals
Oriented along the internuclear axis.	Oriented perpendicular to the internuclear axis.
Exists independently.	Exist along with sigma bond.
Stronger than pi-bond.	Weaker than sigma bond.
More reactive.	Less reactive.
Determines the shape of the molecule.	Does not determine the shape of the molecule.

Explanation of Solution

Sigma (s) bonds- It is a type of covalent bond which is formed by the end to end overlapping of the atomic orbitals of the atoms involved in bonding.

Chemistry: Atoms First, Chapter 5, Problem 1E , additional homework tip 1

Pi (p)bonds -It is a type of covalent bond which is formed by the side wise overlapping of the atomic orbitals of the atoms involved in bonding.

Chemistry: Atoms First, Chapter 5, Problem 1E , additional homework tip 2

Therefore, differences between sigma and pi bonds are-

s- bond	?-bond
Formed by the axial overlap of the atomic orbitals.	Formed by the side-ways overlap of the atomic orbitals.
It can be formed by the overlap of s-s, s-p or p-p orbitals.	It can only be formed by the overlap of p orbitals
Oriented along the internuclear axis.	Oriented perpendicular to the internuclear axis.
Exists independently.	Exist along with sigma bond.
Stronger than pi-bond.	Weaker than sigma bond.
More reactive.	Less reactive.
Determines the shape of the molecule.	Does not determine the shape of the molecule.

Conclusion

However, the only similarity between these two are that they both are chemical covalent bonds and are formed by the overlapping the atomic orbitals, and the main difference is that sigma bond is formed by the axial overlap of the atomic orbitals, whereas, pi bond is formed by the sideways overlapping of atomic orbitals.

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Predict the major products of the following organic reaction: + Δ A ? Some important notes: • Draw the major product, or products, of the reaction in the drawing area below. • If there aren't any products, because no reaction will take place, check the box below the drawing area instead. • Be sure to use wedge and dash bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products that are enantiomers. Explanation Check Click and drag to start drawing a structure. 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use Priva

esc 2 Incorrect Feedback: Your answer is incorrect. Can the molecule on the right-hand side of this organic reaction be made in good yield from no more than two reactants, in one step, by moderately heating the reactants? ? A O • If your answer is yes, then draw the reactant or reactants in the drawing area below. You can draw the reactants in any arrangement you like. . If your answer is no, check the box under the drawing area instead. Check F1 ! @ X C Save For Later Submit Assignment 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessibility 80 et A ད 1 4 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 # $ 45 % A 6 87 & * 8 9 ) 0 + ||

Can the molecule on the right-hand side of this organic reaction be made in good yield from no more than two reactants, in one step, by moderately heating the reactants? ?A Δ O • If your answer is yes, then draw the reactant or reactants in the drawing area below. You can draw the reactants in any arrangement you like. • If your answer is no, check the box under the drawing area instead. Explanation Check Click and drag to start drawing a structure. 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessibilit ku F11

Answer 2

Textbook Question

Chapter 5, Problem 1E

Explain how Ïƒ and π bonds are similar and how they are different.

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The similarity and difference between s and p bonds is to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of bonds that are formed between the atoms-

a) Covalent bond- the bond formed by the sharing of electrons between the atoms.

b) Ionic bond- When atoms gain/loss electrons and become ions, the electrostatic attraction between the oppositely charged ions is known as ionic bond.

Electron in atoms occupy atomic orbitals while in molecule, electrons occupy molecular orbitals. These molecular orbitals are formed by the combination of the atomic orbitals and they can be bonding molecular orbitals and ant-bonding molecular orbitals.
The process of mixing of atomic orbitals of similar energy to produce new molecular orbitals of equivalent energy is known as hybridization.

Answer to Problem 1E

Similarity-They both are chemical covalent bonds and are formed by the overlapping of the atomic orbitals.

Differences-

s- bond	?-bond
Formed by the axial overlap of the atomic orbitals.	Formed by the side-ways overlap of the atomic orbitals.
It can be formed by the overlap of s-s, s-p or p-p orbitals.	It can only be formed by the overlap of p orbitals
Oriented along the internuclear axis.	Oriented perpendicular to the internuclear axis.
Exists independently.	Exist along with sigma bond.
Stronger than pi-bond.	Weaker than sigma bond.
More reactive.	Less reactive.
Determines the shape of the molecule.	Does not determine the shape of the molecule.

Explanation of Solution

Sigma (s) bonds- It is a type of covalent bond which is formed by the end to end overlapping of the atomic orbitals of the atoms involved in bonding.

Chemistry: Atoms First, Chapter 5, Problem 1E , additional homework tip 1

Pi (p)bonds -It is a type of covalent bond which is formed by the side wise overlapping of the atomic orbitals of the atoms involved in bonding.

Chemistry: Atoms First, Chapter 5, Problem 1E , additional homework tip 2

Therefore, differences between sigma and pi bonds are-

s- bond	?-bond
Formed by the axial overlap of the atomic orbitals.	Formed by the side-ways overlap of the atomic orbitals.
It can be formed by the overlap of s-s, s-p or p-p orbitals.	It can only be formed by the overlap of p orbitals
Oriented along the internuclear axis.	Oriented perpendicular to the internuclear axis.
Exists independently.	Exist along with sigma bond.
Stronger than pi-bond.	Weaker than sigma bond.
More reactive.	Less reactive.
Determines the shape of the molecule.	Does not determine the shape of the molecule.

Conclusion

However, the only similarity between these two are that they both are chemical covalent bonds and are formed by the overlapping the atomic orbitals, and the main difference is that sigma bond is formed by the axial overlap of the atomic orbitals, whereas, pi bond is formed by the sideways overlapping of atomic orbitals.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 3

Textbook Question

Chapter 5, Problem 1E

Explain how Ïƒ and π bonds are similar and how they are different.

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The similarity and difference between s and p bonds is to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of bonds that are formed between the atoms-

a) Covalent bond- the bond formed by the sharing of electrons between the atoms.

b) Ionic bond- When atoms gain/loss electrons and become ions, the electrostatic attraction between the oppositely charged ions is known as ionic bond.

Electron in atoms occupy atomic orbitals while in molecule, electrons occupy molecular orbitals. These molecular orbitals are formed by the combination of the atomic orbitals and they can be bonding molecular orbitals and ant-bonding molecular orbitals.
The process of mixing of atomic orbitals of similar energy to produce new molecular orbitals of equivalent energy is known as hybridization.

Answer to Problem 1E

Similarity-They both are chemical covalent bonds and are formed by the overlapping of the atomic orbitals.

Differences-

s- bond	?-bond
Formed by the axial overlap of the atomic orbitals.	Formed by the side-ways overlap of the atomic orbitals.
It can be formed by the overlap of s-s, s-p or p-p orbitals.	It can only be formed by the overlap of p orbitals
Oriented along the internuclear axis.	Oriented perpendicular to the internuclear axis.
Exists independently.	Exist along with sigma bond.
Stronger than pi-bond.	Weaker than sigma bond.
More reactive.	Less reactive.
Determines the shape of the molecule.	Does not determine the shape of the molecule.

Explanation of Solution

Sigma (s) bonds- It is a type of covalent bond which is formed by the end to end overlapping of the atomic orbitals of the atoms involved in bonding.

Chemistry: Atoms First, Chapter 5, Problem 1E , additional homework tip 1

Pi (p)bonds -It is a type of covalent bond which is formed by the side wise overlapping of the atomic orbitals of the atoms involved in bonding.

Chemistry: Atoms First, Chapter 5, Problem 1E , additional homework tip 2

Therefore, differences between sigma and pi bonds are-

s- bond	?-bond
Formed by the axial overlap of the atomic orbitals.	Formed by the side-ways overlap of the atomic orbitals.
It can be formed by the overlap of s-s, s-p or p-p orbitals.	It can only be formed by the overlap of p orbitals
Oriented along the internuclear axis.	Oriented perpendicular to the internuclear axis.
Exists independently.	Exist along with sigma bond.
Stronger than pi-bond.	Weaker than sigma bond.
More reactive.	Less reactive.
Determines the shape of the molecule.	Does not determine the shape of the molecule.

Conclusion

However, the only similarity between these two are that they both are chemical covalent bonds and are formed by the overlapping the atomic orbitals, and the main difference is that sigma bond is formed by the axial overlap of the atomic orbitals, whereas, pi bond is formed by the sideways overlapping of atomic orbitals.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Textbook Question

Chapter 5, Problem 1E

Explain how Ïƒ and π bonds are similar and how they are different.

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The similarity and difference between s and p bonds is to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of bonds that are formed between the atoms-

a) Covalent bond- the bond formed by the sharing of electrons between the atoms.

b) Ionic bond- When atoms gain/loss electrons and become ions, the electrostatic attraction between the oppositely charged ions is known as ionic bond.

Electron in atoms occupy atomic orbitals while in molecule, electrons occupy molecular orbitals. These molecular orbitals are formed by the combination of the atomic orbitals and they can be bonding molecular orbitals and ant-bonding molecular orbitals.
The process of mixing of atomic orbitals of similar energy to produce new molecular orbitals of equivalent energy is known as hybridization.

Answer to Problem 1E

Similarity-They both are chemical covalent bonds and are formed by the overlapping of the atomic orbitals.

Differences-

s- bond	?-bond
Formed by the axial overlap of the atomic orbitals.	Formed by the side-ways overlap of the atomic orbitals.
It can be formed by the overlap of s-s, s-p or p-p orbitals.	It can only be formed by the overlap of p orbitals
Oriented along the internuclear axis.	Oriented perpendicular to the internuclear axis.
Exists independently.	Exist along with sigma bond.
Stronger than pi-bond.	Weaker than sigma bond.
More reactive.	Less reactive.
Determines the shape of the molecule.	Does not determine the shape of the molecule.

Explanation of Solution

Sigma (s) bonds- It is a type of covalent bond which is formed by the end to end overlapping of the atomic orbitals of the atoms involved in bonding.

Chemistry: Atoms First, Chapter 5, Problem 1E , additional homework tip 1

Pi (p)bonds -It is a type of covalent bond which is formed by the side wise overlapping of the atomic orbitals of the atoms involved in bonding.

Chemistry: Atoms First, Chapter 5, Problem 1E , additional homework tip 2

Therefore, differences between sigma and pi bonds are-

s- bond	?-bond
Formed by the axial overlap of the atomic orbitals.	Formed by the side-ways overlap of the atomic orbitals.
It can be formed by the overlap of s-s, s-p or p-p orbitals.	It can only be formed by the overlap of p orbitals
Oriented along the internuclear axis.	Oriented perpendicular to the internuclear axis.
Exists independently.	Exist along with sigma bond.
Stronger than pi-bond.	Weaker than sigma bond.
More reactive.	Less reactive.
Determines the shape of the molecule.	Does not determine the shape of the molecule.

Conclusion

However, the only similarity between these two are that they both are chemical covalent bonds and are formed by the overlapping the atomic orbitals, and the main difference is that sigma bond is formed by the axial overlap of the atomic orbitals, whereas, pi bond is formed by the sideways overlapping of atomic orbitals.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Textbook Question

Answer 6

Textbook Question

Answer 7

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The similarity and difference between s and p bonds is to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of bonds that are formed between the atoms-

a) Covalent bond- the bond formed by the sharing of electrons between the atoms.

b) Ionic bond- When atoms gain/loss electrons and become ions, the electrostatic attraction between the oppositely charged ions is known as ionic bond.

Electron in atoms occupy atomic orbitals while in molecule, electrons occupy molecular orbitals. These molecular orbitals are formed by the combination of the atomic orbitals and they can be bonding molecular orbitals and ant-bonding molecular orbitals.
The process of mixing of atomic orbitals of similar energy to produce new molecular orbitals of equivalent energy is known as hybridization.

Answer to Problem 1E

Similarity-They both are chemical covalent bonds and are formed by the overlapping of the atomic orbitals.

Differences-

s- bond	?-bond
Formed by the axial overlap of the atomic orbitals.	Formed by the side-ways overlap of the atomic orbitals.
It can be formed by the overlap of s-s, s-p or p-p orbitals.	It can only be formed by the overlap of p orbitals
Oriented along the internuclear axis.	Oriented perpendicular to the internuclear axis.
Exists independently.	Exist along with sigma bond.
Stronger than pi-bond.	Weaker than sigma bond.
More reactive.	Less reactive.
Determines the shape of the molecule.	Does not determine the shape of the molecule.

Explanation of Solution

Sigma (s) bonds- It is a type of covalent bond which is formed by the end to end overlapping of the atomic orbitals of the atoms involved in bonding.

Chemistry: Atoms First, Chapter 5, Problem 1E , additional homework tip 1

Pi (p)bonds -It is a type of covalent bond which is formed by the side wise overlapping of the atomic orbitals of the atoms involved in bonding.

Chemistry: Atoms First, Chapter 5, Problem 1E , additional homework tip 2

Therefore, differences between sigma and pi bonds are-

s- bond	?-bond
Formed by the axial overlap of the atomic orbitals.	Formed by the side-ways overlap of the atomic orbitals.
It can be formed by the overlap of s-s, s-p or p-p orbitals.	It can only be formed by the overlap of p orbitals
Oriented along the internuclear axis.	Oriented perpendicular to the internuclear axis.
Exists independently.	Exist along with sigma bond.
Stronger than pi-bond.	Weaker than sigma bond.
More reactive.	Less reactive.
Determines the shape of the molecule.	Does not determine the shape of the molecule.

Conclusion

However, the only similarity between these two are that they both are chemical covalent bonds and are formed by the overlapping the atomic orbitals, and the main difference is that sigma bond is formed by the axial overlap of the atomic orbitals, whereas, pi bond is formed by the sideways overlapping of atomic orbitals.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The similarity and difference between s and p bonds is to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of bonds that are formed between the atoms-

a) Covalent bond- the bond formed by the sharing of electrons between the atoms.

b) Ionic bond- When atoms gain/loss electrons and become ions, the electrostatic attraction between the oppositely charged ions is known as ionic bond.

Electron in atoms occupy atomic orbitals while in molecule, electrons occupy molecular orbitals. These molecular orbitals are formed by the combination of the atomic orbitals and they can be bonding molecular orbitals and ant-bonding molecular orbitals.
The process of mixing of atomic orbitals of similar energy to produce new molecular orbitals of equivalent energy is known as hybridization.

Answer to Problem 1E

Similarity-They both are chemical covalent bonds and are formed by the overlapping of the atomic orbitals.

Differences-

s- bond	?-bond
Formed by the axial overlap of the atomic orbitals.	Formed by the side-ways overlap of the atomic orbitals.
It can be formed by the overlap of s-s, s-p or p-p orbitals.	It can only be formed by the overlap of p orbitals
Oriented along the internuclear axis.	Oriented perpendicular to the internuclear axis.
Exists independently.	Exist along with sigma bond.
Stronger than pi-bond.	Weaker than sigma bond.
More reactive.	Less reactive.
Determines the shape of the molecule.	Does not determine the shape of the molecule.

Explanation of Solution

Sigma (s) bonds- It is a type of covalent bond which is formed by the end to end overlapping of the atomic orbitals of the atoms involved in bonding.

Chemistry: Atoms First, Chapter 5, Problem 1E , additional homework tip 1

Pi (p)bonds -It is a type of covalent bond which is formed by the side wise overlapping of the atomic orbitals of the atoms involved in bonding.

Chemistry: Atoms First, Chapter 5, Problem 1E , additional homework tip 2

Therefore, differences between sigma and pi bonds are-

s- bond	?-bond
Formed by the axial overlap of the atomic orbitals.	Formed by the side-ways overlap of the atomic orbitals.
It can be formed by the overlap of s-s, s-p or p-p orbitals.	It can only be formed by the overlap of p orbitals
Oriented along the internuclear axis.	Oriented perpendicular to the internuclear axis.
Exists independently.	Exist along with sigma bond.
Stronger than pi-bond.	Weaker than sigma bond.
More reactive.	Less reactive.
Determines the shape of the molecule.	Does not determine the shape of the molecule.

Conclusion

However, the only similarity between these two are that they both are chemical covalent bonds and are formed by the overlapping the atomic orbitals, and the main difference is that sigma bond is formed by the axial overlap of the atomic orbitals, whereas, pi bond is formed by the sideways overlapping of atomic orbitals.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The similarity and difference between s and p bonds is to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of bonds that are formed between the atoms-

a) Covalent bond- the bond formed by the sharing of electrons between the atoms.

b) Ionic bond- When atoms gain/loss electrons and become ions, the electrostatic attraction between the oppositely charged ions is known as ionic bond.

Electron in atoms occupy atomic orbitals while in molecule, electrons occupy molecular orbitals. These molecular orbitals are formed by the combination of the atomic orbitals and they can be bonding molecular orbitals and ant-bonding molecular orbitals.
The process of mixing of atomic orbitals of similar energy to produce new molecular orbitals of equivalent energy is known as hybridization.

Answer 12

Answer to Problem 1E

Similarity-They both are chemical covalent bonds and are formed by the overlapping of the atomic orbitals.

Differences-

s- bond	?-bond
Formed by the axial overlap of the atomic orbitals.	Formed by the side-ways overlap of the atomic orbitals.
It can be formed by the overlap of s-s, s-p or p-p orbitals.	It can only be formed by the overlap of p orbitals
Oriented along the internuclear axis.	Oriented perpendicular to the internuclear axis.
Exists independently.	Exist along with sigma bond.
Stronger than pi-bond.	Weaker than sigma bond.
More reactive.	Less reactive.
Determines the shape of the molecule.	Does not determine the shape of the molecule.

Answer 13

Explanation of Solution

Sigma (s) bonds- It is a type of covalent bond which is formed by the end to end overlapping of the atomic orbitals of the atoms involved in bonding.

Chemistry: Atoms First, Chapter 5, Problem 1E , additional homework tip 1

Pi (p)bonds -It is a type of covalent bond which is formed by the side wise overlapping of the atomic orbitals of the atoms involved in bonding.

Chemistry: Atoms First, Chapter 5, Problem 1E , additional homework tip 2

Therefore, differences between sigma and pi bonds are-

s- bond	?-bond
Formed by the axial overlap of the atomic orbitals.	Formed by the side-ways overlap of the atomic orbitals.
It can be formed by the overlap of s-s, s-p or p-p orbitals.	It can only be formed by the overlap of p orbitals
Oriented along the internuclear axis.	Oriented perpendicular to the internuclear axis.
Exists independently.	Exist along with sigma bond.
Stronger than pi-bond.	Weaker than sigma bond.
More reactive.	Less reactive.
Determines the shape of the molecule.	Does not determine the shape of the molecule.

Answer 14

Conclusion

However, the only similarity between these two are that they both are chemical covalent bonds and are formed by the overlapping the atomic orbitals, and the main difference is that sigma bond is formed by the axial overlap of the atomic orbitals, whereas, pi bond is formed by the sideways overlapping of atomic orbitals.

Answer 15

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Explain how Ïƒ and π bonds are similar and how they are different.

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Answer to Problem 1E

Explanation of Solution

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