Concept explainers
How does the circuitry of a reflex facilitate a rapid response?
To review: How the circuitry of a reflex produces a rapid response.
Introduction:
Reflexes are the autonomic responses that are coordinated with the spinal cord through sensory, motor and interneurons. The response is produced by making rapid adjustments in the organs function. The reflex produces the same type of response, each time it is activated.
Explanation of Solution
Spinal cord in the vertebrates runs lengthwise and conveys information to and from the brain. It also generates certain types of locomotion. It acts as a part of the nerve circuitry system, that produces automatic responses to the stimuli known as reflex.
A reflex protects the body by producing a rapid, involuntary response to the stimulus. The reflexes are rapid, since the sensory neurons directly activate the motor neurons. The information is not passed from the spinal cord to the brain and from the brain, back to the spinal cord. Most of the reflexes are stereotyped and produces a same response everytime. The reflexes are rapid, when the stimulus is applied to the periphery, it travels to the central nervous system and back to the periphery involving only few neuronal circuits.
Spinal cord has a neural circuitry to generate stereotypical reflexes which are rapid, when a stimulus is applied peripherally. The response is produced by involuntary action.
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Chapter 49 Solutions
Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
- Distinguish between the following types of reflexes: A) Somatic vs. Visceral (autonomic) reflex B) Monosynaptic vs. Polysynaptic reflex C) Ipsilateral vs. Contralateral vs. Bilateral (consensual) reflex D) Cranial vs. Spinal reflexarrow_forwarddifferences between local homeostatic response and reflex?arrow_forwardA monosynaptic reflex is an example of (a) a convergent circuit, (b) parallel processing, (c) serial processing, (d) a reverberating circuit.arrow_forward
- Describe a converging and a diverging circuit. List the parts of a reflex arc and describe its function.arrow_forwardDescartes' version of the reflex arc was important for understanding the brain's role in sensation, perception and reactivity. Which feature of Descartes' reflex arc is comparable to neurotransmission through motor, inter, and sensory neurons in the present day reflex circuit? A) body activity B) External stimulus C) Valvules Opening D) Nerve stimulationarrow_forwardWhat are the components of a reflex arc and what is the difference between a somatic motor reflex and a visceral reflex arc?arrow_forward
- 2) The correct order of a reflex arc is: a) sensory neuron, sensory receptor, interneuron, motor neuron, effector b) sensory neuron, sensory receptor, interneuron, effector, motor neuron c) sensory receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector d) sensory receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, effector, motor neuronarrow_forwardA reflex arc is a physical structure, not a behavior. a) true b) falsearrow_forwardDescribe reflex responses in terms of the major structural and functional components of a reflex arc.arrow_forward
- What are available methodologies that can help correct reflex problems?arrow_forwardNumber the events of a reflex arc from 1 (first event) to 5 (last event). CNS sends output via motor neurons to an effector Sensory neurons bring the stimulus to the CNS The muscle contracts CNS processes and integrates the information Sensory receptor detects the stimulusarrow_forwardA 20-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department 30 minutes after being found unconscious in her dormitory room. Part of the physical examination involves observing for conjugate eye movements after carefully opening the patient's eyelids and turning the head to the right and then to the left. The presence of this reflex suggests that the neural pathway from which of the following receptors is intact? A) Anterior semicircular canals B) Horizontal semicircular canals C) Posterior semicircular canals D) Saccule E) Utriclearrow_forward
- Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning