The role immunosuppressive therapy in organ transplantation and in the treatment of autoimmune disease. Concept introduction: The main role of antibodies in the body is to provide protection against invading pathogens, in some case the antibodies act against the body and cause auto-immune disorders. The antibodies also act against different types of major histocompatibility complex during an organ transplant.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 48, Problem 1O

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The role immunosuppressive therapy in organ transplantation and in the treatment of autoimmune disease.

Concept introduction:

The main role of antibodies in the body is to provide protection against invading pathogens, in some case the antibodies act against the body and cause auto-immune disorders. The antibodies also act against different types of major histocompatibility complex during an organ transplant.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The immunosuppressive therapy is administered to suppress the immune system. The immunosuppressive therapy is given during the organ transplant and also used to treat autoimmune disorders. During the organ transplantation, the donor and recipient are matched by the histocompatibility complex, unlike for closest relatives the MHC of others will not match with the recipient and result in the organ rejection. Even if the organ is transplanted from the closest relatives, sometimes the antibodies can recognize the donor’s organ as foreign and that result in rejection. To avoid these complexes, the immunosuppressant drugs are helpful to suppress the activity of the donor’s antibodies and make them think the donor’s organ as self. While in the case of autoimmune disease, the antibodies attack the self-host system results in autoimmune disorders. The anti-antibody is suppressed by the immunosuppressant drugs.

Conclusion

The immunosuppressant drugs are given to reduce the potential activity of the auto-antibodies in autoimmune disorders as well as to suppress the antibodies that are produced against foreign MHC during an organ transplant.

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DaVita Dietitian Reference Manual Module 7- Adequacy of Hemodialysis CASE STUDIES Case 1 David was diagnosed with chronic kidney disease a year ago, and now needs hemodialysis. At his first treatment, the nurse hooks up the bloodlines to an access in David's chest. He tells her that he had surgery on his arm three months ago so it can be used for dialysis eventually. 1. What type of access does David have for the initial treatment? 2. Is David's arm access most likely a graft or fistula? 3. What possible reasons prevent use of a fistula or graft for the first dialysis treatment? Case 2 Ramon, a hemodialysis patient for six years, has lost 1.5 kg over the past six weeks. He denies nausea or vomiting, but does admit to eating less at meals and skipping dinner some days. Current dialysis prescription is: 3 1/2 hours (210 minutes), 3 times a week, ASAHI 1050S, APS dialyzer, dialysis flow rate 800 ml/min, blood flow rate 400 ml/min. Monthly bloodwork is as follows: Date K PO4 Pre-BUN…

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DaVita Dietitian Reference Manual Module 7 - Adequacy of Hemodialysis Case 3 Beverly's monthly adequacy of dialysis results came back lower than usual. Her Kt/V is 1.13. Flow sheet data reveals the following: Prescribed BFR 400, patient ran BFR 325 during treatment Blood pressure dropped to 72/58 during treatment, so UFR was turned off. Dry weight 65 kg, pre dialysis weight 69 kg, post dialysis weight 66.5 kg 1. What are DaVita's goals for Kt/V? 2. What is your impression of why the Kt/V is low? 3. What additional information would help in determining why Beverly's adequacy results were below goal?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 48, Problem 1O

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The role immunosuppressive therapy in organ transplantation and in the treatment of autoimmune disease.

Concept introduction:

The main role of antibodies in the body is to provide protection against invading pathogens, in some case the antibodies act against the body and cause auto-immune disorders. The antibodies also act against different types of major histocompatibility complex during an organ transplant.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The immunosuppressive therapy is administered to suppress the immune system. The immunosuppressive therapy is given during the organ transplant and also used to treat autoimmune disorders. During the organ transplantation, the donor and recipient are matched by the histocompatibility complex, unlike for closest relatives the MHC of others will not match with the recipient and result in the organ rejection. Even if the organ is transplanted from the closest relatives, sometimes the antibodies can recognize the donor’s organ as foreign and that result in rejection. To avoid these complexes, the immunosuppressant drugs are helpful to suppress the activity of the donor’s antibodies and make them think the donor’s organ as self. While in the case of autoimmune disease, the antibodies attack the self-host system results in autoimmune disorders. The anti-antibody is suppressed by the immunosuppressant drugs.

Conclusion

The immunosuppressant drugs are given to reduce the potential activity of the auto-antibodies in autoimmune disorders as well as to suppress the antibodies that are produced against foreign MHC during an organ transplant.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 48, Problem 1O

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The role immunosuppressive therapy in organ transplantation and in the treatment of autoimmune disease.

Concept introduction:

The main role of antibodies in the body is to provide protection against invading pathogens, in some case the antibodies act against the body and cause auto-immune disorders. The antibodies also act against different types of major histocompatibility complex during an organ transplant.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The immunosuppressive therapy is administered to suppress the immune system. The immunosuppressive therapy is given during the organ transplant and also used to treat autoimmune disorders. During the organ transplantation, the donor and recipient are matched by the histocompatibility complex, unlike for closest relatives the MHC of others will not match with the recipient and result in the organ rejection. Even if the organ is transplanted from the closest relatives, sometimes the antibodies can recognize the donor’s organ as foreign and that result in rejection. To avoid these complexes, the immunosuppressant drugs are helpful to suppress the activity of the donor’s antibodies and make them think the donor’s organ as self. While in the case of autoimmune disease, the antibodies attack the self-host system results in autoimmune disorders. The anti-antibody is suppressed by the immunosuppressant drugs.

Conclusion

The immunosuppressant drugs are given to reduce the potential activity of the auto-antibodies in autoimmune disorders as well as to suppress the antibodies that are produced against foreign MHC during an organ transplant.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 48, Problem 1O

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The role immunosuppressive therapy in organ transplantation and in the treatment of autoimmune disease.

Concept introduction:

The main role of antibodies in the body is to provide protection against invading pathogens, in some case the antibodies act against the body and cause auto-immune disorders. The antibodies also act against different types of major histocompatibility complex during an organ transplant.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The immunosuppressive therapy is administered to suppress the immune system. The immunosuppressive therapy is given during the organ transplant and also used to treat autoimmune disorders. During the organ transplantation, the donor and recipient are matched by the histocompatibility complex, unlike for closest relatives the MHC of others will not match with the recipient and result in the organ rejection. Even if the organ is transplanted from the closest relatives, sometimes the antibodies can recognize the donor’s organ as foreign and that result in rejection. To avoid these complexes, the immunosuppressant drugs are helpful to suppress the activity of the donor’s antibodies and make them think the donor’s organ as self. While in the case of autoimmune disease, the antibodies attack the self-host system results in autoimmune disorders. The anti-antibody is suppressed by the immunosuppressant drugs.

Conclusion

The immunosuppressant drugs are given to reduce the potential activity of the auto-antibodies in autoimmune disorders as well as to suppress the antibodies that are produced against foreign MHC during an organ transplant.

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Answer 5

Chapter 48, Problem 1O

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The role immunosuppressive therapy in organ transplantation and in the treatment of autoimmune disease.

Concept introduction:

The main role of antibodies in the body is to provide protection against invading pathogens, in some case the antibodies act against the body and cause auto-immune disorders. The antibodies also act against different types of major histocompatibility complex during an organ transplant.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The immunosuppressive therapy is administered to suppress the immune system. The immunosuppressive therapy is given during the organ transplant and also used to treat autoimmune disorders. During the organ transplantation, the donor and recipient are matched by the histocompatibility complex, unlike for closest relatives the MHC of others will not match with the recipient and result in the organ rejection. Even if the organ is transplanted from the closest relatives, sometimes the antibodies can recognize the donor’s organ as foreign and that result in rejection. To avoid these complexes, the immunosuppressant drugs are helpful to suppress the activity of the donor’s antibodies and make them think the donor’s organ as self. While in the case of autoimmune disease, the antibodies attack the self-host system results in autoimmune disorders. The anti-antibody is suppressed by the immunosuppressant drugs.

Conclusion

The immunosuppressant drugs are given to reduce the potential activity of the auto-antibodies in autoimmune disorders as well as to suppress the antibodies that are produced against foreign MHC during an organ transplant.

Answer 6

Chapter 48, Problem 1O

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The role immunosuppressive therapy in organ transplantation and in the treatment of autoimmune disease.

Concept introduction:

The main role of antibodies in the body is to provide protection against invading pathogens, in some case the antibodies act against the body and cause auto-immune disorders. The antibodies also act against different types of major histocompatibility complex during an organ transplant.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The immunosuppressive therapy is administered to suppress the immune system. The immunosuppressive therapy is given during the organ transplant and also used to treat autoimmune disorders. During the organ transplantation, the donor and recipient are matched by the histocompatibility complex, unlike for closest relatives the MHC of others will not match with the recipient and result in the organ rejection. Even if the organ is transplanted from the closest relatives, sometimes the antibodies can recognize the donor’s organ as foreign and that result in rejection. To avoid these complexes, the immunosuppressant drugs are helpful to suppress the activity of the donor’s antibodies and make them think the donor’s organ as self. While in the case of autoimmune disease, the antibodies attack the self-host system results in autoimmune disorders. The anti-antibody is suppressed by the immunosuppressant drugs.

Conclusion

The immunosuppressant drugs are given to reduce the potential activity of the auto-antibodies in autoimmune disorders as well as to suppress the antibodies that are produced against foreign MHC during an organ transplant.

Answer 7

Chapter 48, Problem 1O

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The role immunosuppressive therapy in organ transplantation and in the treatment of autoimmune disease.

Concept introduction:

The main role of antibodies in the body is to provide protection against invading pathogens, in some case the antibodies act against the body and cause auto-immune disorders. The antibodies also act against different types of major histocompatibility complex during an organ transplant.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The immunosuppressive therapy is administered to suppress the immune system. The immunosuppressive therapy is given during the organ transplant and also used to treat autoimmune disorders. During the organ transplantation, the donor and recipient are matched by the histocompatibility complex, unlike for closest relatives the MHC of others will not match with the recipient and result in the organ rejection. Even if the organ is transplanted from the closest relatives, sometimes the antibodies can recognize the donor’s organ as foreign and that result in rejection. To avoid these complexes, the immunosuppressant drugs are helpful to suppress the activity of the donor’s antibodies and make them think the donor’s organ as self. While in the case of autoimmune disease, the antibodies attack the self-host system results in autoimmune disorders. The anti-antibody is suppressed by the immunosuppressant drugs.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Conclusion

The immunosuppressant drugs are given to reduce the potential activity of the auto-antibodies in autoimmune disorders as well as to suppress the antibodies that are produced against foreign MHC during an organ transplant.

Answer 12

Ch. 48 - Prob. 1O Ch. 48 - Prob. 2O Ch. 48 - Prob. 3O Ch. 48 - Prob. 1CS Ch. 48 - Prob. 1NERQ Ch. 48 - Prob. 2NERQ Ch. 48 - Prob. 3NERQ Ch. 48 - Prob. 4NERQ Ch. 48 - Prob. 5NERQ Ch. 48 - Prob. 6NERQ

Explanation of Solution

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Chapter 48 Solutions