
(a)
Determine the covariance and coefficient of correlation.
(a)

Explanation of Solution
Covariance is a measure that is used to measure the relationship between the movements of two variables. Thus, covariance measures how changes in one variable are associated with the changes in a second variable. Therefore, covariance measures the degree to which two variables are linearly associated. In this case, covariance can be measured after calculating the square of x and y and the product of xy as follows:
20 | 14 | 400 | 196 | 280 |
40 | 16 | 1600 | 256 | 640 |
60 | 18 | 3600 | 324 | 1080 |
50 | 17 | 2500 | 289 | 850 |
50 | 18 | 2500 | 324 | 900 |
55 | 18 | 3025 | 324 | 990 |
60 | 18 | 3600 | 324 | 1080 |
70 | 20 | 4900 | 400 | 1400 |
Covariance can be calculated as follows:
The values of two standard deviations can be calculated as follows:
Similarly,
The coefficient of determination can be calculated by squaring the coefficient of correlation as follows:
Thus, covariance is calculated to be 26.16 and the coefficient of correlation is calculated to be 0.9711. The coefficient of determination is also calculated, and it is 0.9430. These values indicate that 94.30 percent of variation in variable ‘y’ is explained by the variations in variable ‘x’.
Covariance: Covariance is a measure that is used to measure the relationship between the movements of two variables.
(b)
Determine the least squares line and estimate the retailer wants.
(b)

Explanation of Solution
Covariance is calculated to be 26.16, and the value of
The values of
Similarly,
The value of
The least square line will thus be
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 4 Solutions
EBK STATISTICS FOR MANAGEMENT AND ECONO
- Evaluate the effectiveness of supply and demand models in predicting labor market outcomes. Justify your assessment with specific examples from real-world labor markets.arrow_forwardExplain the difference between Microeconomics and Macroeconomics? 2.) Explain what fiscal policy is and then explain what Monetary Policy is? 3.) Why is opportunity cost and give one example from your own of opportunity cost. 4.) What are models and what model did we already discuss in class? 5.) What is meant by scarcity of resources?arrow_forward2. What is the payoff from a long futures position where you are obligated to buy at the contract price? What is the payoff from a short futures position where you are obligated to sell at the contract price?? Draw the payoff diagram for each position. Payoff from Futures Contract F=$50.85 S1 Long $100 $95 $90 $85 $80 $75 $70 $65 $60 $55 $50.85 $50 $45 $40 $35 $30 $25 Shortarrow_forward
- 3. Consider a call on the same underlier (Cisco). The strike is $50.85, which is the forward price. The owner of the call has the choice or option to buy at the strike. They get to see the market price S1 before they decide. We assume they are rational. What is the payoff from owning (also known as being long) the call? What is the payoff from selling (also known as being short) the call? Payoff from Call with Strike of k=$50.85 S1 Long $100 $95 $90 $85 $80 $75 $70 $65 $60 $55 $50.85 $50 $45 $40 $35 $30 $25 Shortarrow_forward4. Consider a put on the same underlier (Cisco). The strike is $50.85, which is the forward price. The owner of the call has the choice or option to buy at the strike. They get to see the market price S1 before they decide. We assume they are rational. What is the payoff from owning (also known as being long) the put? What is the payoff from selling (also known as being short) the put? Payoff from Put with Strike of k=$50.85 S1 Long $100 $95 $90 $85 $80 $75 $70 $65 $60 $55 $50.85 $50 $45 $40 $35 $30 $25 Shortarrow_forwardThe following table provides information on two technology companies, IBM and Cisco. Use the data to answer the following questions. Company IBM Cisco Systems Stock Price Dividend (trailing 12 months) $150.00 $50.00 $7.00 Dividend (next 12 months) $7.35 Dividend Growth 5.0% $2.00 $2.15 7.5% 1. You buy a futures contract instead of purchasing Cisco stock at $50. What is the one-year futures price, assuming the risk-free interest rate is 6%? Remember to adjust the futures price for the dividend of $2.15.arrow_forward
- 5. Consider a one-year European-style call option on Cisco stock. The strike is $50.85, which is the forward price. The risk-free interest rate is 6%. Assume the stock price either doubles or halves each period. The price movement corresponds to u = 2 and d = ½ = 1/u. S1 = $100 Call payoff= SO = $50 S1 = $25 Call payoff= What is the call payoff for $1 = $100? What is the call payoff for S1 = $25?arrow_forwardMC The diagram shows a pharmaceutical firm's demand curve and marginal cost curve for a new heart medication for which the firm holds a 20-year patent on its production. Assume this pharmaceutical firm charges a single price for its drug. At its profit-maximizing level of output, it will generate a total profit represented by OA. areas J+K. B. areas F+I+H+G+J+K OC. areas E+F+I+H+G. D. - it is not possible to determine with the informatio OE. the sum of areas A through K. (...) Po P1 Price F P2 E H 0 G B Q MR D ōarrow_forwardPrice Quantity $26 0 The marketing department of $24 20,000 Johnny Rockabilly's record company $22 40,000 has determined that the demand for his $20 60,000 latest CD is given in the table at right. $18 80,000 $16 100,000 $14 120,000 The record company's costs consist of a $240,000 fixed cost of recording the CD, an $8 per CD variable cost of producing and distributing the CD, plus the cost of paying Johnny for his creative talent. The company is considering two plans for paying Johnny. Plan 1: Johnny receives a zero fixed recording fee and a $4 per CD royalty for each CD that is sold. Plan 2: Johnny receives a $400,000 fixed recording fee and zero royalty per CD sold. Under either plan, the record company will choose the price of Johnny's CD so as to maximize its (the record company's) profit. The record company's profit is the revenues minus costs, where the costs include the costs of production, distribution, and the payment made to Johnny. Johnny's payment will be be under plan 2 as…arrow_forward
- Which of the following is the best example of perfect price discrimination? A. Universities give entry scholarships to poorer students. B. Students pay lower prices at the local theatre. ○ C. A hotel charges for its rooms according to the number of days left before the check-in date. ○ D. People who collect the mail coupons get discounts at the local food store. ○ E. An airline offers a discount to students.arrow_forwardConsider the figure at the right. The profit of the single-price monopolist OA. is shown by area D+H+I+F+A. B. is shown by area A+I+F. OC. is shown by area D + H. ○ D. is zero. ○ E. cannot be calculated or shown with just the information given in the graph. (C) Price ($) B C D H FIG шо E MC ATC A MR D = AR Quantityarrow_forwardConsider the figure. A perfectly price-discriminating monopolist will produce ○ A. 162 units and charge a price equal to $69. ○ B. 356 units and charge a price equal to $52 for the last unit sold only. OC. 162 units and charge a price equal to $52. OD. 356 units and charge a price equal to the perfectly competitive price. Dollars per Unit $69 $52 MR 162 356 Output MC Darrow_forward
- Managerial Economics: Applications, Strategies an...EconomicsISBN:9781305506381Author:James R. McGuigan, R. Charles Moyer, Frederick H.deB. HarrisPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Principles of Economics 2eEconomicsISBN:9781947172364Author:Steven A. Greenlaw; David ShapiroPublisher:OpenStax





