
Automotive Technology: A Systems Approach (MindTap Course List)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781133612315
Author: Jack Erjavec, Rob Thompson
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 44, Problem 13RQ
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In the production of ethyl acetate via reactive distillation, the column operates at 5 bar with an equimolar feed (ethanol + acetic acid) at 80°C. The reaction follows: \[CH_3COOH + C_2H_5OH \rightleftharpoons CH_3COOC_2H_5 + H_2O \quad (K_{eq} = 4.2 \text{ at } 80°C)\] Given: - NRTL parameters for all binary pairs - Tray efficiency = 65% - Vapor-liquid equilibrium exhibits positive azeotrope formation Calculate the exact minimum reflux ratio required to achieve 98% ethyl acetate purity in the distillate, assuming: 1) The reaction reaches equilibrium on each tray 2) The heavy key component is water
In a multi-stage distillation column designed to separate a binary mixture of ethanol and water, the mass flow rate of the feed entering the column is \( F \), and the distillate product flow rate is \( D \). The reflux ratio \( R \) is defined as the ratio of the liquid returned to the column to the distillate flow rate. For the ideal case, where the column operates at maximum efficiency, determine the **minimum reflux ratio** \( R_{\text{min}} \) when the relative volatility \( \alpha = 1.5 \).
Q2: Draw the layout of a basic asynchronous 32k * 8 SRAM.
Chapter 44 Solutions
Automotive Technology: A Systems Approach (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 44 - Name the three main driveline components that are...Ch. 44 - Describe the purpose of a viscous clutch.Ch. 44 - What is the purpose of the interaxle differential?Ch. 44 - Briefly explain how a Haldex clutch works.Ch. 44 - What is the primary purpose of a transfer case?Ch. 44 - Prob. 6RQCh. 44 - When the plates of a viscous coupling (clutch)...Ch. 44 - How does a viscous clutch assembly work? Why is it...Ch. 44 - What results from having different axle ratios on...Ch. 44 - The transfer clutch in the all-wheel drive...
Ch. 44 - In a viscous clutch, when the silicone fluid is...Ch. 44 - When servicing transfer cases, all of the...Ch. 44 - Prob. 13RQCh. 44 - Which of the following would not cause noise while...Ch. 44 - Which of the following could cause the 4WD...Ch. 44 - Technician A says that viscous couplings are...Ch. 44 - Technician A says that some AWD systems have a...Ch. 44 - While discussing AWD systems: Technician A says...Ch. 44 - Prob. 4ASRQCh. 44 - While diagnosing the cause of noise from a...Ch. 44 - Technician A says that a seized shift linkage may...Ch. 44 - While diagnosing the cause of the transfer case...Ch. 44 - While servicing an AWD vehicle: Technician A...Ch. 44 - While discussing the various speed gear positions...Ch. 44 - While discussing automatic AWD systems: Technician...
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- A distillation column with 100 kmol/h feed of 50% A and 50% B produces a distillate product with xD = 0.95 and a bottom stream with xbot = 0.04 of the more volatile species A. CMO is valid and the equilibrium data is given by y = 2.4x/1 + 1.4x a) If the feed is saturated liquid, determine the minimum reflux ratio b) If the feed is saturated vapor, determine the minimum reflux ratioarrow_forwardA distillation column with 100 kmol/h feed of 60% A and 40% B produces a distillate product with xD = 0.98 and a bottom stream with xbot = 0.02 of the more volatile species A. CMO is valid and the equilibrium data is given by y = 2.2x/1+1.2x a) If the reflux ratio R is 2, determine (numerically) the composition (y) of the vapor stream entering the top equilibrium plate.__________b) If R = 2 and q = 0.6, determine the liquid flow rate in the stripping section of the column__________c) If q = 0, the minimum reflux ratio isarrow_forwardNatural gas having a specific gravity relative to air of 0.60 and a viscosity of 0.011 cP is flowing through a 6-in. Schedule 40 pipe in which is installed a standard sharp-edged orifice equipped with flange taps. The gas is at 100°F and 20lb/in? abs at the upstream tap. The manometer reading is 46.3 in. of water at 60°F. The ratio of specific heats for natural gas is 1.30. The diameter of the orifice is 2.00 in. Calculate the rate of flow of gas through the line in cubic feet.arrow_forward
- صورة من s94850121arrow_forward11:01 ☑ canvas.ucsd.edu 口 : ... Page 1 > of 2 Q - ZOOM + 4. Consider the two separate sets of measured data for a silt-loam soil measured by Mualem (1976): (1) suction versus water content, and (2) suction versus relative permeability of unsaturated soil, k/ks. Assume that 0s 0.396, 0res = 0.131, and Ks=5.74×10-7 m/s. a. Using the method of least squares in Excel, compute the best-fit values for αNG (kPa¹) and nvg for the van Genuchten (1980) relationship for data set # 1 (assume m = 1-1/nvG). See the example spreadsheet in the homework folder under the files section of Canvas for help in performing this calculation. b. Repeat part (a) and estimate the λ and ac parameters for the Brooks and Corey (1964) SWRC for data set #1. Note that you may need to include an "if" statement at the air entry suction. c. Plot the data for the SWRC versus the fitted van Genuchten (1980) and Brooks and Corey (1964) curves. Which relationship matches the capillary pressure data better (BC or VG)? Explain…arrow_forwardSolve h.w 6arrow_forward
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