Pearson eText Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135755785
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk
Publisher: PEARSON+
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Chapter 43.6, Problem 1TC
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The reason that why it is biologically useful to have the fetal and maternal bloodstreams separated by membranes, rather than have their blood vessels fuse into one combined circulatory system.
Introduction:
The placenta is a type of organ that develops inside the female uterus at the time of pregnancy. The placenta is involved in the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste material in between the mother and fetus.
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Your cousin just had twins. She tells you that twinning occurs when two sperm fertilize the same egg. You reply when two sperm fertilize the same egg. What will be your reply?
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a) If fetal glucose consumption declines, how does the glucose concentration gradient between fetal circulation and the intervillous space change?
b) When fetal glucose consumption declines, how is the concentration gradient between parental circulation and the intervillous space impacted?
c) When fetal glucose consumption declines, placental tissue adjusts its consumption of glucose to maintain a constant concentration gradient between the fetal circulation and the intervillous space. In order to maintain this gradient, would you expect placental tissue to increase or decrease its glucose consumption, and why is this the case?
Seeing that the placenta acts as a barrier protecting the baby from harmful substances the mother may consume, how come some babies develop ailments like Fetal Alcohol Syndrome? Are there some substances that render the protective function of the placenta less useful than required?
Chapter 43 Solutions
Pearson eText Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Ch. 43.1 - define development and describe how cell division...Ch. 43.2 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 43.3 - describe early development in amphibians,...Ch. 43.3 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 43.4 - Prob. 1TCCh. 43.4 - Prob. 2TCCh. 43.4 - Does the development of a human limb, and the rest...Ch. 43.4 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 43.4 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 43.5 - Prob. 1TC
Ch. 43.5 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 43.5 - Prob. 2TCCh. 43.5 - Prob. 3TCCh. 43.5 - Prob. 1HYEWCh. 43.5 - describe human embryonic development from...Ch. 43.5 - describe the structure and function of the...Ch. 43.5 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 43.6 - Prob. 1TCCh. 43.6 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 43.6 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 43.6 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 43.6 - Prob. 2TCCh. 43 - Prob. 1MCCh. 43 - Animals with Indirect development a. develop...Ch. 43 - Prob. 3MCCh. 43 - Prob. 4MCCh. 43 - Prob. 5MCCh. 43 - Prob. 6MCCh. 43 - Prob. 7MCCh. 43 - Prob. 8MCCh. 43 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 43 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 43 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 43 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 43 - Distinguish between direct and indirect...Ch. 43 - Describe the structure and function of the four...Ch. 43 - What is gastrulation? Describe gastrulation in...Ch. 43 - Prob. 4RQCh. 43 - Prob. 5RQCh. 43 - In humans, where does fertilization occur, and...Ch. 43 - Prob. 7RQCh. 43 - Prob. 8RQCh. 43 - How do changes in the breast prepare a mother to...Ch. 43 - Prob. 10RQCh. 43 - Prob. 1ACCh. 43 - Prob. 2AC
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- Select your answer from the drop-down menu. Substances from fetus and mother are exchanged across the placenta by............. a) Osmosis b) Diffusion c) Filteration d) Pumps Please I need a surely answer and a quicker responsearrow_forwardWhy can twins resulting from a single fertilized egg exchange blood or receive organ transplants from each other without rejection, whereas twins resulting from two fertilized eggs sometimes cannot?arrow_forwardKen Doll isn't very smart. He and Barbie are not trying to have a baby. Ken is confused about a few details and asked his friend GI Joe why Barbie became pregnant. "Look, we did the deed on Monday and she didn't ovulate until Thursday. I should have been safe and my 'little swimmers' should have been out of there by then." How should GI Joe explain the necessary information to Ken?arrow_forward
- Which statement regarding fetal/maternal circulation is correct? Question 25 options: a) Two arteries in the umbilical cord carry deoxygenated blood and waste products away from the fetus to the placenta b) Two veins in the umbilical cord carry blood that is high in carbon dioxide and other waste products away from the fetus to the placenta c) Two arteries carry freshly oxygenated blood and nutrient-rich blood back from the placenta to the fetus d) One artery carries freshly oxygenated blood and nutrient-rich blood back from the placenta to the fetusarrow_forwardDescribe the development of reproductive organs in a fetus of each gender. Which genes, gene products, and hormones are involved in the sex differences? Which sex- related hormones are circulating in high concentrations in a pregnant woman compared to a nonpregnant woman? Do these hormones cross the placenta (if you are uncertain, consider hormone chemical class relative to membrane permeability to make an educated guess)? Assuming these hormones do cross the placenta, how do they affect the hormonal environment inside the fetus, and how does this relate to fetal reproductive development?arrow_forwardWhen the fetus is fully developed and takes up the maximum amount of space in the uterus, the pressure that it inflicts upon the cervix activates stretch receptors to send a signal to the hypothalamus (a structure within the brain). The brain responds by producing oxytocin, which is then released by the pituitary gland (an endocrine organ in the brain). Oxytocin travels through the bloodstream; when it reaches the uterus, it signals through myometrial (uterine smooth muscle) oxytocin receptors. Activation of the oxytocin receptors on myometrial tissue causes a signaling cascade that results in the cell producing prostaglandins that facilitate myometrial contraction (Figure 2).. Contraction of myometrial tissue then reduces the intrauterine space, causing the fully developed fetus to inflict more pressure on the cervix, thus repeating this process until the fetus is delivered. a) Fetal delivery is an example of which type of feedback loop? b) What type of sensory receptor is the…arrow_forward
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