Campbell Biology in Focus
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134710679
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Rebecca Orr
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 43, Problem 9TYU
FOCUS ON EVOLUTION
The fossil record indicates that there have been five mass extinction events in the past 500 million years (see Concept 23.2). Many ecologists think we are currently entering a human-caused sixth mass extinction event. Briefly discuss the history of mass extinctions and the length of time it typically takes for species diversity to recover through the process of evolution. Explain why this should motivate us to slow the loss of biodiversity today.
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We have looked at what the fossil record can tell us about the amazing History of Life on Earth. We've examined the evidence for an early origin for life in the sea, 3800 million years, and investigated how life invaded life about 500 million years. We've also discussed the subsequent boom in life that massively increased biodiversity but also noted how the History of Life is frequently punctuated by mass extinctions. Today we stand on the threshold of a new mass extinction event. The biodiversity that we take for granted and that sustains humans is threatened to a degree only rarely seen in 4500 million years of Earth History.
NOW TO CONCLUDE, ANSWER THE QUESTION.
1. ARE WE ON THE BRINK OF A MASS EXTINCTION? WHAT WOULD BE THE CONSEQUENCES FOR SOCIETY OF LOSING HALF OF ALL SPECIES BY 2100? ARE THERE ACTIONS THAT WE CAN TAKE AS INDIVIDUALS AND AS SOCIETY TO HELP PROTECT LIFE ON EARTH?
Find the flaws within the sentance/s
Extinction is the complete disappearance of a species from Earth. A mass extinction is when more than half of all extant species disappear from the fossil record and there have been at least five of them.
In order to prevent the extinction current species, some areas of earth are preserved while others are conserved. Conservation seeks to prohibit human activity in an area. Preservation seeks the sustainable use and management of natural resources.
An endemic species is only found in one location. A biodiversity hotspot has over 1500 species of endemic insects and 70% of the area has been disturbed. There are 34 biodiversity hotspots on Earth.
Many sustainable practices are used in agriculture. Crop rotation is the practice of growing different kinds of crops in the same area in sequenced seasons. Conservation tillage is any method of soil cultivation that completely tills under the soil to prepare for the next crop. Genetically modified crops are…
Chapter 43 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus
Ch. 43.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 43.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 43.1 - WHAT IF? Imagine two populations of a fish...Ch. 43.2 - How does the reduced genetic diversity of small...Ch. 43.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 43.2 - WHAT IF? In 2005, at least ten grizzly bears in...Ch. 43.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 43.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 43.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 43.4 - How can the addition of excess mineral nutrients...
Ch. 43.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS There are vast stores of organic...Ch. 43.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 43.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 43.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 43.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 43.6 - WHAT IF? Suppose a new fishery is discovered, and...Ch. 43 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 43 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION The fossil record indicates...Ch. 43 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 43 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Big cats, such as the...
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- There have been five main mass extinctions. Match each mass extinction event to its description. 1. Permian extinction 2. Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction 3. Triassic extinction 4. Devonian extinction 5. Ordovician extinction a. This extinction was most likely due to a change in sea level. During this event, about 60% of all marine species were eliminated. b. This is the best-known mass extinction. It eliminated most large animals, including the dinosaurs. c. This was the most severe extinction event. About 96% of life on Earth died during this event. d. This extinction was most likely caused by climate change. About 80% of land animals died during this event. e. This extinction was most likely due to a change in sea level. It especially affected coral reefs.arrow_forwardTheory of Evolution PART 1 Answer the following with one sentence each question. 1. What do you know about the history of your selected area within the last 25-50 years (e.g. urbanization, geological changes, structures built or destroyed, etc)? 2. Based on this history, what hypothesis can you make about its effect on the area's nature/environment/wildlife? 3. what evolutionary changes/events do you expect to find? 4. Why do you expect to see these changes/events? 5. How will you determine these evolutionary changes/events? (your answers should within your study's limits)arrow_forwardIs extinction normal? Explain. What is NOT normal about it now? Why is the loss of biodiversity so crucial to Earth and us?arrow_forward
- Throughout Earth’s history, many species, and perhaps even most of the species that ever existed, have become extinct. The causes are numerous: climate change, volcanic activity, the actions of oxygen-producing organisms, changes in carbon dioxide concentration, and even asteroid impacts. Have humans ever caused extinctions?arrow_forwardOne argument for the existence of the Anthropocene era is that the carbon cycle is relatively unchanged from previous centuries species loss is relatively low less land is being used for farming biodiversity loss has exceeded a planetary boundary O planetary boundaries have now been definedarrow_forwardMost biologists and climatologists agree that the earth is warming, why do people disregard the evidence for global warming? What should be done to reach the public?arrow_forward
- Which of the following is believed to be common among all mass extinction events? the type of event that causes the extinction the number of species that went extinct a significant change in the global climate the type of species that went extinctarrow_forwardplease very soon full explanationarrow_forwardCreate a Venn Diagram comparing and contrasting rapid and gradual mass extinction (make sure to include examples of each)arrow_forward
- 1) The very high levels of Iridium at the KT boundary was confirmed in different parts of the world and supported an already existing hypothesis, a supernova had caused the extinction. How was this hypothesis tested? • Scientists looked for planetary evidence of a supernova • Scientists ruled out all the other hypothesis and only the supernova was left • Scientists tested the amount of plutonium in the KT boundary • Scientists studied craters from ancient asteroids 2) How was community feedback important in developing the asteroid hypothesis? • Working alone allowed Walter to remain unbiased • Scientists working together were able to prove all the alternate hypotheses wrong • Scientists collected multiple lines of evidence from different fields to support the hypothesis • Other scientists were able to disprove the asteroid hypotheses 3) The evidence that an asteroid did hit earth at the KT boundary is strong. But did it cause extinction of the dinosaurs? What additional hypotheses are…arrow_forwardExtinction is a natural phenomenon. It is estimated that 99% of all species that ever lived are now extinct. Why then do we say that we are now experiencing an extinction (loss of biodiversity) crisis? O Humans have greater medical needs than at any other time in history, and many potential medicinal compounds are being lost as plant species become extinct. Scientists have finally identified most of the species on Earth and are thus able to quantify the number of species becoming extinct. Most biodiversity hot spots have been destroyed by recent ecological disasters. The current rate of extinction is high and human activities threaten biodiversity at all levels. Humans are ethically responsible for protecting endangered species.arrow_forwardEVOLUTION CONNECTION The fossil record indicates that therehave been five mass extinction events in the past 500 millionyears (see Concept 25.4). Many ecologists think we are on theverge of entering a sixth mass extinction event. Briefly discussthe history of mass extinctions and the length of time it typicallytakes for species diversity to recover through the process ofevolution. Explain why this should motivate us to slow theloss of biodiversity today.arrow_forward
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