Chapter 4.3, Problem 4E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The phase portrait ofa function $\dot{\text{θ}}\text{ = }\frac{\text{sinθ}}{\text{μ+cosθ}}$ witha control parameter $\text{μ}$ is to be drawn and bifurcation, which occurs as $\text{μ}$ varies is to be classified. Also, all the bifurcation values of $\text{μ}$ are to be obtained.

Concept Introduction:

The qualitative change in the dynamics of the flow with parameters is called bifurcation, and the points at which this occurs is called the bifurcation point.

To study the stability of the dynamical systems, bifurcation is used.

In Transcritical bifurcation mechanism, two fixed points exchange their stability instead of destroying.

In the transcritical bifurcation, fixed points exist for all values of the parameter.